OHE (education for caregivers) quiz material

What are neurodevelopmental/intellectual developmental disorders (IDD)

a disorder of mental and adaptive functioning

What is intellectual developmental disorders not

a disease or mental illness

what are intellectual developmental disorders associated with

with physical problems

challenges skills they use in daily life

developmental disability that varies in severity

What is intellectual developmental disorder definition from the lee specialty clinic

a medical disorder affecting the neurological system (generally the brain) during the period of a person's life in which they are experiencing rapid neurological development from the point of conception to adulthood

what does the WHO (world health organization) state about the effects of intellectual developmental disorder

it not only affects the skills they have acquired, but also disrupts their developmental progression

4 categories of neurodevelopmental intellectual developmental disorder

medical

brain damage

genetic

psychiatric

some are preventable, others are not

Medical (IDD)

pre and post exposure to alcohol, drugs, toxins, and certain infections

environmental exposure to toxins

example of medical IDD

fetal alcohol exposure

Medical IDD

environmental exposure to toxins

lead

mercury-fish

radiation

Brain damage IDD

traumatic brain injury- auto accidents, blow to head, fall

some TBI can be prevented

TBI also includes

congenital brain damage before birth

cerebral palsy-pre/perinatal TBI

does not necessarily have IDD present, il have a motor disability

Genetic IDD

down syndrome-most common genetic condition

caused hen cell division results in extra genetic material from chromosome 21

fragile X-mutation of the FMRI gene

psychiatric IDD

autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

2 primary symptoms

trouble with communication and social interaction

demonstrate repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities

Common neurodevelopmental intellectual developmental disorders

autism

down syndrome

fragile X syndrome

fetal alcohol syndrome

Cerebral palsy

Which Common neurodevelopmental intellectual developmental disorder is preventable

fetal alcohol syndrome

Associated conditions/challenge of neurodevelopmental intellectual developmental disorders

cognitive impairment

neuromotor dysfunction (gait, paralysis, contractures

seizures

psychiatric behavioral disturbances (attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder)

sensory impairments

other challeneges communication and eating

How do individuals with neurodevelopmental intellectual developmental disorder live

access to care problem

home, intermediate care facilities

nursing homes (long term care facilities)

group homes

adult day programs

home intermediate care facilities

hazelwood

pillar (formerly apple patch)

group homes

cedar lake

pillar

adult day programs

kaleidoscope

active day

pillar

Oral health problems that neurodevelopmental intellectual developmental disorder individuals may experience

periodontal disease

dental caries

malocclusion

missing permanent teeth and delayed eruption

teeth with developmental defects (enamel hypoplasia)

damaging oral habits

trauma and injury

dental strategies for care for IDD

mental strategies

reduce distractions

communication with care giver

communication with patient

consistency

active listening

dental strategies for care for IDD

behavioral strategies

communication with care giver

scheduling

reward/compliments

dental strategies for care for IDD

physical strategies

maintain clear path

wheelchair transfer

dental strategies for care for IDD

cardiovascular anomalies

mitral valves prolapse

dental strategies for care for IDD

seizures

frequency

med control

triggers

dental strategies for care for IDD

visual impairments

use other senses to connect

dental strategies for care for IDD

hearing loss and deafness

adjust or turn off hearing aid

dental equipment may cause auditory discomfort

if patient reads lips-speak in normal cadence and tone

dental role to caregiver

raise dental awareness

increase motivation of caregivers

educate on the basics of oral health and the signs of oral health disease

plaque biofilm formation and disease prevention

be sure that if the person if not in pain or fearful

desensitize patient to oral care as needed

assess positioning of patient

additional techniques for the caregiver

provide patient rest if needed

create signals between patient and caregiver

communication using calm reassuring voice

gentle pressure to open lips, increased pressure can agitate patient and increase movements

remain calm and patient

location and positioning of oral care

stand behind person with patient seated or laying down

if in wheelchair remanning seated may be the best place to provide care

patient can sit on the floor or in straight back chair

reclining on couch, bed, bean bag chair

stabilizing patient head with use of pillows with high back

oral hygiene limitations and modifications

inability to reach mouth with arms/hands

grip strength, difficulty holding a device that is too narrow or small

inability to reach the mouth with arms/hands solution

extended handle made from plastics rulers, rods, or wooden spoons

attach with rubber band

grip strength difficulty holding a device that is too narrow or small

have patient grasp various size balls and device

patient who cannot hold, use universal strap attached to hands

Modifications to brushes

enlarge brush handle with ball /sponge=for limited grasp

lengthen handle for those with limited arm mobility

attach brush to persona hand with band

electric toothbrushes may help limited dexterity

(may not be good for those with sensory issues)

Types of unique brushes

surround toothbrush

Collis curve brush

suction toothbruhes

plaque vac

vac U brush

Mouth props

molt mouth prop

disposable mouth prop

made at home prop=clean face cloth

wraps kinds

papoose wraps and other physical restraints

wrist and ankle cuffs

some will help keep the patient positioned correctly

fluoride treatment should be considered why?

for caries prevention

fluoride varnish

chewable vitamin

daily brush -dependent on caregivers

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