axial obl mandible

What projection is used to demonstrate the mandible without superimposition of the opposite side?

Axiolateral or Axiolateral Oblique Projection.

What are the clinical indications for the axiolateral mandible projection?

Fractures and neoplastic or inflammatory processes of the mandible.

Why are both sides of the mandible usually examined?

For comparison.

What is the minimum SID?

40 inches (100 cm).

What IR size is recommended?

8 × 10 inches (18 × 24 cm) or 10 × 12 inches (24 × 30 cm), landscape.

Is a grid always required?

No, often performed nongrid.

What kVp range is recommended?

70–85 kVp.

Is AEC used?

No.

What patient positions may be used?

Erect or recumbent.

What should be removed before positioning?

Metallic and plastic objects from the head and neck.

What is the starting head position?

True lateral with the side of interest against the IR.

Why is the neck slightly extended?

To prevent superimposition of the gonion over the cervical spine.

Which mandibular structure is best demonstrated with the head in true lateral?

Ramus.

What amount of head rotation provides a general survey of the mandible?

10°–15° toward the IR.

What amount of rotation best demonstrates the mandibular body?

30° toward the IR.

What amount of rotation best demonstrates the mentum?

45° toward the IR.

What CR angle is used for horizontal beam trauma?

25° cephalad from the IPL.

What is another positioning option for CR angulation?

Combine 25° cephalad angulation using head tilt and tube angle.

What head tilt may be used with a perpendicular CR?

25° toward the IR.

Where is the CR directed?

To the mandibular region of interest (ramus, body, or mentum).

What anatomy is demonstrated?

Ramus, condyloid process, coronoid process, body, and mentum nearest the IR.

How should the ramus appear?

Without superimposition from the opposite mandible.

What indicates adequate neck extension?

No superimposition of the cervical spine over the ramus.

What indicates correct rotation?

Minimal superimposition and minimal foreshortening.

What indicates no motion?

Sharp bony margins.

What CR angle is used for horizontal beam trauma mandible?

25° cephalad.