102 block 4 exam

4 types of airspace

* Controlled 
* Uncontrolled 


* Special use 
* Other 

what does airspace depend on

* Complexity 
* Nature of ops 


* Level of safety required 
* National and public interest 

class A

pilot and aircraft requirements

Need to be instrument rated IFR 

Need ADSB Out 

class A

weather min

there are none

class A

looks like

18000MSL

class B

pilot and aircraft requirements

Big and busy 

Need Mode C transponder once in Mode C veil 

Need two way radio 

ADSB Out 

Student pilot with endorsement  

Need clearance to enter 

Class B

weather min

3 sm visibility 

Clear of clouds 

class b

looks like

Typically up to 10000 MSL 

Center goes to surface the moves up for every ring 

Wedding cake 

 

Solid blue lines 

\
Mode c Veil 

Magenta 

class C

pilot and aircraft requirements

A lot of commercial traffic 

\
No restriction to level of pilot 

\
No clearance to enter just must establish 2-way radio comm 

CALL SIGN 

\
Need two way radios 

\
Mode C transponder 

\
ADSB Out 

class C

weather min

3 sm vis 

500 below 

1000 above 

2000 horizontal 

class C

looks like

Birthday cake 

Core 5nm radius 

Shelf 10 nm radius 

Typically up tp 4000 AGL 

Solid magenta 

class D

pilot and aircraft requirements

At least has parttime tower 

No restriction to any level of pilots 

2 way radio comm 

Need 2 way radio 

class D

weather min

3 sm 

500 below 

1000 above 

2000 horizontal 

class D

looks like

Typically 4500 msl 

Dashed blue 

class E

pilot and aircraft requirements

Do not have to contact ATC  \n no pilot requirements 

\
Above 10000 MSL

need ADSB Out 

Below 10000 MSL

no ADSB Out 

class E

weather min

Below 10000 MSL

3 sm

500 below

1000 above

2000 horizontal

Above 10000 MSL

5 sm

1000 below

1000 above

1 sm horizontal

class E

looks like

Can start at  

SFC 

700 

1200 

14500 

60000 

On top of other airspaces 

Anywhere it wants 

 

Dashed magenta means starting at the surface 

\
Shaded magenta means starting at 700(shades down) 

\
Outisde of shading and dashed starts at 1200(nothing or victor airways)(victor airways start at 1200 MSL) 

 

Goes up to 17999 MSL 

 

Blue shaded means starting at 14500 

 

Zipper means it starts where it wants to 

class G

pilot and aircraft requirements

Uncontrolled 

No pilot requirements 

No aircraft requirements 

class G

weather min below 1200AGL

\
Day

1 sm 

Clear of clouds 

Night

3sm 

500 below 

1000 above 

2000 horizontal 

 

class G

weather min above 1200AGL below 10000MSL

Day 

1sm 

500 below 

1000 above  

2000 horizontal 

 

Night 

3sm 

500 below  

1000 above 

2000 horizontal 

class G

weather min above 1200AGL above 10000MSL

5sm 

1000 above 

1000 below 

1sm horizontal 

class G

looks like

It is low airspace 

Usually 1200  

Or where there is no other airspace 

what is the special use airspace

M

Military operating area - MOA

\
separates military training activities from IFR traffic

magenta hash marks

what is the special use airspace

C

Controlled firing areas - CFA

no charted

what is the special use airspace

P

Prohibited areas 

\
Aircraft activity is prohibited from entry 

Blue hash marks 

what is the special use airspace

R

Restricted areas 

\
Pilots may enter if they have special permission 

Blue hash marks 

what is the special use airspace

A

Alert areas 

\
High student flight training traffic 

Magenta hash lines 

what is the special use airspace

W

Warning area 

\
Warn pilots of potential danger located over domestic or international waters or both 

Blue hash marks 

Can get permission 

what is the special use airspace

N

National security areas - nsa 

\
Established at locations where there is a requirement for increase security and safety of ground facilities 

Magenta dashed lines 

Voluntarily avoid 

Being voluntold 

military training routes

* Used for military for low altitude, high speed training 
* Established below 10000 and speeds excess of 250 

temperary flight restriction - TFR

* Imposed by FAA 
* Caused by incident on surface, disaster relief aircraft, unsafe sightseeing, president vice president or public figure, safe environment for space agency ops 
* Magenta dashed if added to sectional 

terminal radar service area - TRSA

* Areas in which radar and ATC services are made available for pilots under IFR and participating VFR 
* Will always surround a class D 
* Solid gray line 

air defense identification zone - ADIZ

* It is the boundary between US airspace and International Airspace 


* Must contact united states ATC prior to entry with transponder and flight plan filed 

special flight rules area - SFRA

* Defined dimensions above land areas or territorial waters within which the flight of aircraft is subject to “special flight rules” 
* Some are Grand Canyon, Washington DC, parts of Alaksa and California 
* Blue squares in a line 

parachute jump area

* High parachuting activities 
* Magenta parachute icon 

types of airports

* Public  
* Private 
* Military 
* Land 
* Sea 


* Airparks 

controlled v uncrontrolled

Controlled 

* Have at least a part time operating control tower 

Uncontrolled 

* No operating control tower 

Factors dictating runway layout 

Wind pattern 

Capacity 

* Needs of flying public 


* More aircraft using the airport may need more runways 

Environmental 

* Wildlife 
* Noise abatement 

Runway – displaced thresholds 

You can take off and taxi there 

Runway – blast pad 

* Cannot taxi, land, or takeoff here 
* Cheverons 

Closed runway 

Perm closed 

* Every 1000 feet painted X 

Temp closed 

* Yellow x placed at the end of the runway 

Hot spot

* Where a taxiway and runway meet 
* Help elevate mess ups 

taxi edge lighting are what color

Omnidirectional blue 

taxi center lighting are what color

Unidirectional green 

what are REIL lights

2 flashing lights at the end of the runway 

what are edge lights colors

white

amber for last 2000 ft

red at end of runway

how to turn on lighting

7 for high

5 for medium

3 for low

what is solid green gun light

cleared

what is flashing green gun light

return for landing

what is flashing red gun light

unsafe do not land

clear the taxiway

what is solid red gun light

stop

give way

what is flashing white gun light

return to starting point

what is alternating red and green gun light

exercise extreme caution