AP US History Practice Flashcards: Periods 1-9

A complete set of fill-in-the-blank practice flashcards covering key historical concepts, legislative acts, and social movements from 1491 to the present as detailed in the lecture transcript.

The spread of __________ cultivation from present-day Mexico northward supported economic development, settlement, and social diversification in the American Southwest.

maize

In the __________ system, Spanish colonial economies marshaled Native American labor to support plantation-based agriculture and extract precious metals.

encomienda

The __________ colonies, initially settled by Puritans, developed around small towns with family farms and a thriving mixed economy of agriculture and commerce.

New England

The British government attempted to pursue __________ economic aims by incorporating its North American colonies into a coherent structure, leading to conflicts over enforcement.

mercantilist

As settlers moved westward during the $1780s$, Congress enacted the __________ for admitting new states and banning slavery in the Northwest Territory.

Northwest Ordinance

The principles of the Federalists were articulated in the __________, primarily written by Alexander Hamilton and James Madison to support the ratification of the Constitution.

Federalist Papers

Plans to unify the U.S. economy, such as the __________, generated debates over whether such policies would benefit agriculture or industry.

American System

Congressional attempts at political compromise, such as the __________, only temporarily slowed tensions between opponents and defenders of slavery in the early $19^{th}$ century.

Missouri Compromise

The ideal of __________ called on women to teach republican values within the family and granted them a new importance in American political culture.

republican motherhood

Advocates of annexing western lands argued that __________ and the superiority of American institutions compelled the United States to expand to the Pacific Ocean.

Manifest Destiny

The __________ movement arose in the North, portraying the expansion of slavery as incompatible with free labor and a threat to the free labor market.

free-soil

Abraham Lincoln's victory in the presidential election of $1860$ was achieved on the Republicans' __________ platform without any Southern electoral votes.

free-soil

The Supreme Court decision in __________ ($1896$), which upheld racial segregation, helped mark the end of political gains made by African Americans during Reconstruction.

Plessy v. Ferguson

The idea known as the __________, articulated by some business leaders, argued that the wealthy had a moral obligation to help the less fortunate.

Gospel of Wealth

The __________ resulted in African Americans escaping segregation and racial violence in the South by moving to the North and West during and after World War I.

Great Migration

Franklin Roosevelt’s __________ attempted to end the Great Depression using government power to provide relief, recovery, and reform.

New Deal

The federal government used the case of __________ ($1954$) to promote greater racial equality by ruling that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.

Brown v. Board of Education

Lyndon Johnson’s __________ attempted to use federal legislation and programs to end racial discrimination and eliminate poverty in the mid-$1960s$.

Great Society

The victory of __________ in the presidential election of $1980$ allowed conservatives to enact significant tax cuts and continue the deregulation of many industries.

Ronald Reagan

Following the attacks of September $11$, $2001$, U.S. foreign policy efforts focused on fighting __________ around the world.

terrorism