extrinsic superficial back muscles

extrinsic

controls limb movement, and respiration

embryologically comes from hypomere

function of extrinsic superficial back muscles

upper limb movement

origin of the trapezius

1. medial superior nuchal line

2. nuchal ligament

3. external occipital protuberance

4. C7 - T12 spinous processes

insertion of the trapezius

1. later 1/3 of the clavicle

2. acromion

3. spine of scapula

action of trapezius

elevate scapula

depress scapula

retract scapula

innervation of the trapezius

spinal accessory nerve

origin of the latissimus dorsi

1. spinous processes of T6-T12

2. thoracolumbar fascia

3. medial aspect of the posterior iliac crest

4. inferior 3-4 ribs

insertion of the latissimus dorsi

intertubercular crest of the humerus

action of the latissimus dorsi

extends the humerus

adducts the humerus

medially rotates the humerus

pulls body to arms when arms are fixes

innervation of the latissimus dorsi

thoracodorsal nerve (root levels C6, C7, C8)

what is the triangle of oscultation

the area with the least amount of tissue to penetrate through which is the optimal place for listening to heart sounds

what is the superior border of the triangle of osculation

medial trapezius

what is the inferior border of the triangle of oscultation

latissimus dorsi

what is the lateral border of the triangle of oscultation

inferior angle/ distal vertebral border of the scapula

origin of levator scapulae

posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the first 4 vertebrae (C1, C2, C3, C4)

insertion of the levator scapulae

medial border of the scapula just superior to the root of the scapular spine

action of the levator scapulae

elevate scapula

rotate glenoid fossa inferiorly

innervation of the levator scapulae

dorsal scapular nerve (C5 nerve root)

origin of the rhomboid minor

1. nuchal ligament

2. C7 and T1 spinous processes

insertion of the rhomboid minor

medial end of the scapular spine

action of the rhomboid minor

1. retract the scapula

2. rotate the glenoid fossa inferiorly

3. fix scapula to the thoracic wall

innervation of the rhomboid minor

dorsal scapular nerve (nerve root C5)

origin of rhomboid major

T2-T5 spinous processes

insertion of rhomboid major

medial border of the scapula from the spine to the inferior angle

action of rhomboid major

1. retract scapula

2. rotate glenoid fossa inferiorly

3. fix scapula to thoracic wall

innervation of the rhomboid major

dorsal scapular nerve (nerve root C5)