11. Onco drugs: Biopharmaceuticals

Define Biopharmaceuticals

Pros and Cons of biopharmaceuticals over small molecule drugs as anticancer agents

Structural framework of monoclonal antibodies used for cancer treatment

Major categories of monoclonal antibodies approved as anticancer agents

Cat 1 Monoclonal antibodies that bind to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), aka HER1

Cat 1 monoclonal antibodies that bind to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)

HER2-based antibody drug conjugate (ADC)

Cat 1 monoclonal antibodies that bind to leukocyte cluster of differentiation (CD)

Cat 2 monoclonal antibosies that inhibit the blood circulation in the tumor microenvironment

Cat 3: monoclonal antibodies that inhibit cancer cell’s inhibition of the immune cells: PD-1/PD-L1

Cat 3: monoclonal antibodies that promote immune activities against cancer cells: CTLA-4 inhibitor

Enzymes