APUSH Unit 3

Seven Years’ War (French and Indian War)

A conflict between Great Britain and France, fought in North America from 1756 to 1763, resulting in British dominance in the region.

Albany Plan

A proposal in 1754 by Benjamin Franklin to create a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies, although it was not implemented.

Pontiac’s Rebellion

An uprising in 1763 by Native American tribes against British rule in the Great Lakes region.

Proclamation Line of 1763

A boundary created by the British government that prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Stamp Act of 1765

A tax imposed by the British on printed materials in the American colonies, leading to widespread protests.

Boston Massacre

A violent confrontation in 1770 between British soldiers and a colonial mob in Boston, resulting in several deaths.

Committees of Correspondence

Networks established by the colonists to communicate and coordinate resistance against British policies.

Boston Tea Party

A protest in 1773 where colonists dumped tea into Boston Harbor to oppose the Tea Act.

Intolerable Acts

Punitive laws passed by the British Parliament in response to the Boston Tea Party, aimed at punishing Massachusetts.

Continental Congress

A gathering of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that convened in 1774 to address grievances against British rule.

Sons & Daughters of Liberty

Organizations formed by colonists to protest British policies and advance the cause of independence.

Patriots

Colonists who supported independence from Great Britain during the American Revolution.

Loyalists

Colonists who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolution.

George Washington

Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution and the first President of the United States.

Republican form of government

A system where power resides in the people and is exercised by elected representatives.

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense

A pamphlet published in 1776 that advocated for American independence from Britain.

Declaration of Independence

The document adopted by the Continental Congress in 1776 that declared the Thirteen Colonies independent from Britain.

“Republican Motherhood”

The idea that women played a crucial role in educating children to be virtuous citizens of the new republic.

Articles of Confederation

The first constitution of the United States, adopted in 1781, which created a weak central government.

Shays’ Rebellion

An armed uprising in 1786-1787 by farmers in Massachusetts against economic injustices and lack of government response.

Constitutional Convention

The gathering in 1787 in Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation, resulting in the drafting of the U.S. Constitution.

The Great Compromise

An agreement at the Constitutional Convention that created a bicameral legislature with proportional representation in the House and equal representation in the Senate.

3/5 Compromise

An agreement at the Constitutional Convention that counted three-fifths of the slave population for representation and taxation purposes.

Anti-Federalists

Opponents of the U.S. Constitution who favored strong state governments and were concerned about the lack of a Bill of Rights.

Federalists

Supporters of the U.S. Constitution who advocated for a strong central government.

Alexander Hamilton

A Founding Father, author of the Federalist Papers, and the first Secretary of the Treasury.

James Madison

A Founding Father, author of the U.S. Constitution, and the fourth President of the United States.

Bill of Rights

The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, guaranteeing individual rights and freedoms.

John Adams

A Founding Father, the second President of the United States, and a key diplomat during the American Revolution.

Democratic-Republican Party

A political party founded by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison that favored states' rights and agrarian interests.

Federalist Party

A political party founded by Alexander Hamilton that supported a strong central government and commercial interests.

Thomas Jefferson

A Founding Father, author of the Declaration of Independence, and the third President of the United States.

Northwest Ordinance

A law passed in 1787 that established a process for admitting new states to the Union and prohibiting slavery in the Northwest Territory.

Jay Treaty

A 1795 agreement between the United States and Great Britain that resolved issues left over from the American Revolution.

Alien and Sedition Acts

Laws passed in 1798 that restricted immigration and limited freedom of speech, aimed at silencing critics of the Federalist Party.

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

Statements in 1798 and 1799 that asserted the states' rights to nullify unconstitutional federal laws.

Washington’s Farewell Address

warn Americans against the danger of political parties, to remain neutral in foreign conflicts and to celebrate their achievements