test 2 Q4 west civ

he wrote the book "reflections on the revolution in France"; anti french revolution, sympathetic to the American revolution and Glorious revolution

who was Edmund Burke

political doctrine emphasizing importance of tradition and history as opposed to new abstract ideas

what is conservationism

tories- conservative, want a monarchy, no nationalism; ultraroyalists- extreme conservatives

who were the tories and the ultraroyalists

whigs- liberals/republicans in GB want parliament and want nationalism; socalists- republicans aiming for total equality of man

who were the whigs and socialists

meeting of all the enemies of Napoleon who planned to redraw borders in Europe, hosted by Austria, led by Klemens von Mitternich

what was the congress of Vienna, where was it, who led it?

Austrian diplomat who led the congress of vienna who was a conservative mastermind

who was Klemens von Mitternich

1) legitimacy of monarchy feudal lords and the church, 2) maintain balance of power between Europe, 3) opposition of revolutionary liberalism

what 3 conservative ideas did Klemens von Mitternich have

didnt really exist because it was made of so many different states (multinational state; their 2 sources of unity werein the Habsburg dynasty and catholic church

what was nationalism like it Austia

german university where german nationalism was led by students

what is significant about the college Berschenschafen

the greeks felt a rage of nationalism and revolted against the Ottomans leavng Otto of Wittelbach as king

what was nationalism like it Greece

Simon Bolivar

as nationalism is thriving in Europe it spreads to south america where _________ (person) liberalized most of south america

creol elite descendent of spanis colonists in Venesuala, noticed nationalism in Europe and became the liberator of Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru

who was Simon Bolivar

son of a Spanish officer from Argentina, chose to go back to Argentina to liberate the rest of the spanish territory instead of being in an imperial army

who was Jose de San Martin

son of the king of Portugal, flees to Brazil with royal family, sides with the liberal nationalists, declares Brazil independent in 1822 and is crowned Emperor

who was Pedro I

from Britain, wrote the wealth of nations which talks about laissez faire ideas and international companies,

who was Adam Smith

the industrial revolution begins to grow rapidly because of the new ideas and discovery of how to smelt iron and use coal for rapid production of goods

what happens in Britain in the mid 18th century and why

economic system based on private ownership of means of production, profit driven businesses and individuals compete in a free market

what is capitalism

the business of making and selling goods from your own home on your own time (homeowner owns the means of production)

what is a cottage industry

coal powered rotary engine

what did james watt invent

iron (GB has some of the worlds largest deposits of iron and coal)

the coal that is produced from all these newly made rotary engines now allow us to reach higher temperatures to smelt_______ which will now be used to make better and faster machines

rocket

we need to transport the iron and coal; the first steam powered locomotive was named ______

factories

GB has innovated so now that they have efficient transportation and steam power this allows for ______ to be made

private ownership of factories meaning investors can but capital and the means of production is not owned by the worker and its not on their time anymore

who owns the factories and what does this mean for investing, and the means of production

someone who works and gets paid just enough to survive and not afford anything else, they cant quit they are easily replaceable and cant do anything else essentially makin them a slave

what is a wage slave

working and owning

after the industrial revolution make it into GB what were the 2 social classes

Crystal Palace

which place in London is a showcase of 100k exhibits of industrial rev. inventions and things from all over Europe

the first people to react negatively to the industrial rev. and or craftsman who are angry that they can no longer produce goods because people arent buying from them anymore

who were the Luddites

Irish potato famine

as the industrial rev boosted the economy greatly and the population increased significantly the _________ _______ _____ was a catastrophic event that impacted most of Europe

writes about industrial London which portrays the new social classes and new social dynamics of urbanization and capitalism

who was charles dickens

reaction or challenge to enlightenment, sci rev, industrialism through rationalism, reason, and progress

what is romanticism

prioritization of the political and economic independence of the individual and stressing individual initiative, action and interest

what is individualism

wrote "The Romantic Hero" about individualism

who was Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

historical interest through folk tales, architecture, literature

what does the Gothic revival include (3 things)

german landscape painter emotion of nature

who was Caspar David Friedrich

eng watercolor artist, color as feeling-> sublime, fierce naturalism

who was JMW Turner

german composer and pianist, music as emotional pursuit, fought deafness later in life (5th symphony)

who was Ludwig van Beethoven

born in Trier prussia, sent to university of berlin where he encountered ideas of George Hegel (teleology, dialectics, idealism)

who was Karl Marx

he met Marx in paris and wrote a book "The Condition of the Working Class in England" joined the communist league

who was Friedrich Engels

Manifesto of the Communist Party which defines what communism is and how it works

what book did Marx and Engels write together

political and economic ideology aimed at creating a classless nation free society with common ownership of means of production

what is communism

Das Kapital which talks about capital

what book did Karl Marx write after being denied from University for being atheist; what does it talk about

they were the 2 social classes B (owners) P(workers); B- owners, oppressors, isolated from labor, have capital, own all property; P- workers, oppressed, wage slaves, alienated from their work, commodity, own no poperty

what are the Bourgeoisie and Proletariat and list 4 things contrasting the Bourgeoisie and Proletariat

Charles X; conservatism

who took the throne in France as part of the bourbon restoration and what does he want to assert (conservation or liberalism)

list of rules that suppressed liberal politics, limits freedom of speech, and reduced the electorates by 2/3rds

what are July Ordinances and what are the 3 things it states

in July 1830 revolts in Paris started and Charles X was overthrown and Louis took over; Duke or Orleans, July Monarch, Bourgeoisie monarch

who was Louis Philippe; whats his nickname

revolutions all throughout Europe mainly supporters of nationalism and communism against conservation, monarchy and capitalism

what did Marx predict would happen at some point (it happened in 1830 and 1848)

the policies of Louis Philippe favor the bourgeoisie more making the rich richer and the poor poorer, this leads to a depression and the 2nd republic of France was formed

why did the revolution of 1848 happen in France and what was the outcome

that all of history is a record of material circumstances NOT ideas

what is Marx's materialism

led the uprisings in Austria, nationalist, his ideas circulated in hungarian universities

who was Louis Kossuth

that all men have the right to vote

what is universal male sufferage