Health Careers Semester 2 Final Exam

Urologic

pertaining to the excretory system

hematuria

blood in the urine

nocturia

excessive urination at night

oliguria

scanty urination

cystoscopy

visual examination of the urinary bladder

menorrhagia

excessive menstrual bleeding

leiomyomata

fibroid tumors of uterus

endocervical

pertaining to the lining of the cervix

endometrial

pertaining to the inner lining of the uterus

orchiectomy

removal of the testes

teratoma

neoplasm of a testis or ovary containing multiple tissues from other sites in the body

lymphadenectomy

removal of a lymph node

retroperitoneal

located behind the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity

MRI

a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images that distinguish among different types of soft tissue; allows us to see structures within the brain

myel/o

spinal cord, bone marrow

encephal/o

brain

my/o

muscle

parenchyma

essential, distinguishing tissue of any organ or system

multiple sclerosis

myelin sheath destruction. disruptions in nerve impulse conduction

Parkinson's disease

A disorder of the central nervous system that affects movement, often including tremors.

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem

Alzheimer's disease

a progressive and irreversible brain disorder characterized by gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and, finally, physical functioning

tachycardia

fast heart rate

sinus rhythm

normal heart rhythm

ECG, EKG

electrocardiogram; measures electrical activity of the heart

EEG

electroencephalogram; an amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain's surface.

echocardiography

ultrasound recording of heart function

pleural effusion

accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity

pleurodynia

pain in the pleura

paracentesis

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen

thoracotomy

incision of the chest

pericardiocentesis

surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the sac surrounding the heart

AD (ear)

right ear

AS (ear)

left ear

adenoid

lymphatic tissue on the back of the pharynx behind the nose; also called pharyngeal tonsil

otitis media

infection of the middle ear

vertigo

dizziness

tinnitus

ringing in the ears

prebycusis

age related hearing loss

OS (eye)

left eye

OD (eye)

right eye

dacryorrhea

excessive tearing

URI

upper respiratory infection

hyperemic

refers to an excessive amount of blood in a part or area

palpebral conjunctiva

membrane that lines underside of eyelids

ocular fundus

internal surface of the retina

tonometry

measurement of pressure (within the eye)

cornea

The clear tissue that covers the front of the eye

diabetic ketoacidosis

acidity of the blood caused by the presence of ketone bodies produced when the body is unable to burn sugar; thus, it must burn fat for energy

insulin

A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics

acromegaly

abnormal enlargement of the extremities

gigantism

a condition produced by hypersecretion of growth hormone during the early years of life

hyperinsulinism

excess secretion of insulin causing hypoglycemia

pituitary gland

endocrine gland at the base of the brain

thyroid gland

endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck

adrenal gland

A pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones that help arouse the body in times of stress.

Liothyronine

medicine used to treat hypothyroidism

Prednisone

medicine used to decrease inflammation and allergic reactions

metformin

medicine used to treat type 2 diabetes

desmopressin

treats diabetes insipidus

Alendronate

medicine that treats osteoporosis

Hydrocortisone

reduces pain, itching, and swelling (inflammation)

beta blockers

decrease heart rate and dilate arteries by blocking beta receptors

Propylthiouracil

medicine used to treat hyperthyroidism