AP WH 1750-1900

The image can best be used to illustrate which of the following about communist states?

State control over the economy

The image is best understood in the context of which of the following twentieth-century developments?

New modes of transportation and communication that increased contact between regions

The type of economic activity shown in the image would contribute most directly to which of the following developments in the late twentieth century?

Increased global dependence on fossil fuels

Which of the following statements about Africa after 1946 is true?

Most African colonies gained national independence.

Which of the following is the basis for nearly all the boundaries of today’s sub-Saharan African states?

Decisions by European powers during the process of colonization

The adoption of the new flag is an example of which of the following processes?

Governmental efforts of multinational states to promote a new nationalist identity that would help prevent the emergence of ethnic separatism

The conference as described in the first and second paragraphs is best explained in the context of which of the following developments in the aftermath of the Second World War?

The dissolution of European empires

The conference’s decision to “endorse other methods,” as mentioned in the second paragraph, is best explained in the context of which of the following?

Many African colonies had failed to obtain the greater self-governance promised after the First World War and doubted that European powers would fulfill similar promises after the Second World War.

The author’s opinion in the third paragraph regarding the caution that the United States was employing in supporting African independence movements is most directly explained in the context of which of the following developments in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War?

The United States had vastly more economic and military power than its European allies.

Anticolonial movements like the Congress Party in India and the Young Turks agreed on which of the following?

The need for reform in order to resist European imperialism

Which of the following best describes the cause of the developments described in the passage?

Soviet efforts to modernize their economy through government control

Which of the following best explains why the Soviet Union was willing to undertake projects such as the one discussed in the passage?

Pressure resulting from the need to keep pace with Western economic development during the Cold War

In the excerpt, Bolívar expresses which of the following?

Outrage at the effects of mercantilist policies

Which of the following best explains the historical significance of views such as those expressed in the passage?

They show that, in response to the disruptions of the Great Depression, many political leaders saw it as their duty to take an active role in guiding economic life.

The Brazilian government’s pride in listing the extensive workers’ rights guaranteed under the 1937 constitution is significant because it shows that

governments across the political spectrum were influenced by socialist economic and social policies

Which of the following best explains a potentially significant limitation of using the document for understanding the reforms described in the passage in Brazil?

The document likely ignores some economic problems that might have occurred because of the reforms.

Which of the following most accurately describes the interactions between China and Europe in the nineteenth century?

China effectively lost its economic independence to Europe as a result of military losses to European forces.

Which of the following best describes the likely purpose of the photograph?

To reassure the French public of the civilizing effects of colonial rule and the loyalty of colonial populations

All of the following were policies pursued by both the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War EXCEPT

centralized planning of the national economy

Which of the following best supports the argument that colonialism was responsible for the lack of economic development in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East in the late twentieth century?

The tendency of former colonies to export raw materials

Which of the following is the main claim that the author makes in the first paragraph?

People have natural rights that can be established through rational inquiry.

Which of the following is an implicit claim that the author makes in the second paragraph?

Religion has been a force holding back the progress of humanity.

Which of the following is an implicit claim that the author makes in the third paragraph?

The French Revolution has advanced the principles of the Enlightenment.

The makeup of the force shown in the image is best explained by the fact that by 1917

Russia’s army morale and home-front effort were collapsing because of the strains of total war

The unrest reflected in the image is best explained by which of the following features of the Russian government at the time of the photograph?

The Tsarist regime that governed Russia was autocratic and unresponsive to calls for reform.

Which of the following best characterizes the significance of the events in Russia in the winter of 1917, as shown in the image?

They started a process that eventually led to a communist revolution.

The photograph best illustrates which of the following aspects of European colonial policies in nineteenth-century Africa?

European states imposing their culture in an attempt to spread their values among colonial populations

The ability of the French colonial government in Algeria to establish schools for the native Algerian population can best be seen as part of which of the following broader developments in European colonialism in the late nineteenth century?

Some European states strengthened their control over their existing colonies.

The rapid expansion of European empires in Africa in the late nineteenth century is best explained in the context of which of the following?

Political rivalries between European states encouraging diplomatic agreements that reserved colonies for European powers

Which of the following developments during the Second World War would Franck most likely have cited as evidence to support his arguments in the passage?

Allied firebombing in Germany and Japan had caused massive devastation and civilian casualties, and atomic weapons were vastly more powerful than those used in firebombing.

Which of the following arguments would a supporter of using nuclear weapons against Japan have most likely cited to explain the limitations of Franck’s arguments in the first and second paragraphs?

Japanese government propaganda instilled fierce, suicidal nationalism in the Japanese population, making Japan unlikely to surrender unconditionally without experiencing the effects of nuclear weapons.

Contemporaries who agreed with Franck’s argument in the second and third paragraphs regarding the need for an international agreement would most likely have made which of the following arguments to support their position?

The end of the war would probably lead to a new rivalry between the victorious states.

In the Japanese print above of the war between China and Japan (1894-1895), the artist suggests that the

Japanese showed their mastery of Western technology, dress and military bearing

Which of the following most directly contributed to the overall trend in the percentages of industrial production and heavy industry as shown in the table for the period 1890–1938 ?

The Meiji reforms

Which of the following was the most direct political consequence of Japan’s attempts to sustain the economic trend shown in the table for the period 1930–1938 ?

Japan engaged in imperial expansion to acquire access to raw materials.

For the period circa 1890 to 1910, which of the following countries experienced industrialization trends most similar to those for Japan, as shown in the table?

Germany

Which of the following best summarizes the two plans for improving nutrition in Britain’s colonies?

Both sources emphasize the need to enlist the cooperation of Africans in implementing colonial policies.

The two passages best represent which of the following justifications for European imperialism?

The concept of the European mission to civilize colonized peoples

Which of the following was the key factor in the start of Latin American independence?

Creole grievances about their lack of political authority

In 1949, NATO was established so that Western leaders could counter

the perceived threat that the Soviet Union and its allies would spread communism

Western-led military alliance systems such as NATO that emerged during the Cold War period sought to

prevent the spread of communism

The method of achieving political change advocated in the poem best illustrates which of the following practices used by reform movements in the twentieth century?

Civil disobedience

During the nineteenth century, which of the following most directly motivated the major expansion of imperial territories in Southeast Asia as shown in Map 1 ?

The desire to extract resources and raw materials

The establishment of Dutch economic and political influence in Southeast Asia as shown in Map 1 was most directly a result of which of the following?

Joint-stock trading companies

The division of islands such as Borneo, New Guinea, and Timor on both maps best reflects which of the following?

Conquest by and competition between colonial empires

Which of the following twentieth-century developments most directly weakened European colonial states and contributed to the changes between the two maps?

Japanese occupation of Southeast Asia during the Second World War

On Map 2, the new divisions of mainland Southeast Asia in the region that had been French Indochina best reflect which of the following developments?

Cold War proxy conflicts

Which of the following statements best represents a nationalistic interpretation of the collapse of the Ottoman and Russian empires during and immediately after the First World War?

The growing demands of various ethnic groups within these multiethnic empires were the primary reasons for the collapse.

In the passage above, Zeng Guofan’s purpose in listing the policies of the current Qing emperor is most likely to

mobilize popular support by showing that the Taiping rebellion does not represent a legitimate challenge to Qing rule

Zeng Guofan’s analysis of the situation in China in 1854 was likely influenced by which of the following?

The Confucian notion of the dynastic cycle