history final part 2

Why did the U.S. support isolationism in the 1930s?

Many Americans wanted to avoid getting involved in another European war after World War I.

Why did Hitler sign the Nazi-Soviet Pact?

Germany would avoid fighting the Soviet Union while invading Poland and Western Europe.

What did General Douglas MacArthur mean by “I shall return”?

after leaving the Philippines and later used island-hopping to defeat Japan.

What did the Nuremberg Laws do?

Took away Jewish citizenship and banned Jews from marrying non-Jews.

How were the Holocaust and the Treaty of Versailles connected?

were connected to anti-Semitism and anger in Germany after World War I.

What was the “Final Solution”?

The Nazi plan to systematically kill all European Jews.

Who was General Dwight D. Eisenhower?

The supreme commander of Allied forces during D-Day.

Who were displaced persons?

People forced to leave their homes during or after WWII because of war or persecution.

Why did many Europeans die of starvation after WWII?

Farms, transportation, and cities were destroyed during WWII.

What does demilitarization mean and who was Hideki Tojo?

Means removing military forces and weapons. Japan’s wartime prime minister who was later tried for war crimes.

What happened at the Yalta Conference?

Divided Germany into zones controlled by the Soviet Union and Western Allies.

What were the causes of the Cold War?

Soviet expansion in Eastern Europe, disagreements among Allies, and fear of communism spreading.

Who used the term “Iron Curtain”?

Winston Churchill

What were the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan?

Aimed to stop communism. Gave economic aid to rebuild Europe.

Which country was the second to develop and test a nuclear bomb?

The Soviet Union

How did the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan affect the Cold War?

Both policies expanded U.S. influence in world affairs during the Cold War.

What alliance was created in response to NATO?

Warsaw Pact.

Who won the Chinese Civil War?

Mao Zedong

What was Mao’s Great Leap Forward?

Rapidly industrialize and modernize China’s economy.

What was the relationship between China and the Soviet Union during the Cultural Revolution?

Uneasy alliance because both were communist nations.

Who did Mao send to rural farms for “reeducation”?

Educated people, teachers, and intellectuals to rural farms

What was de-Stalinization and what happened in Hungary in 1956?

Removed harsh Stalin-era policies and People revolted against Soviet control.

Why did the USSR collapse?

Economic problems, government corruption, and demands for freedom in Soviet republics.

What challenges did African nations face after independence?

Ethnic conflict, poverty, weak governments, and lack of resources.

What was the Jewish state established after WWII?

Israel. As a homeland for Jews after WWII and the Holocaust.

What problems do the U.S. and Mexico continue to face?

Drug trafficking and violence caused by drug cartels.

Who was South Africa’s first Black president?

Nelson Mandela

How did economic and technological growth in Asia affect the world?

Shifted manufacturing and technology production away from mainly Western countries to a more global system.

What helped many South American countries move toward democracy in the 1980s?

Economic problems, protests, and pressure for human rights.

How did global economic development affect society?

Increasing trade, improving communication technology, and creating more cultural exchange around the world.