Physiology Lab Final
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141 Terms
Which of the following would be an unacceptable practice in the laboratory?
eating lunch in the lab
3 multiple choice options
The basic metric unit of mass is the
gram
3 multiple choice options
The basic metric unit of capacity is the
liter
3 multiple choice options
The basic metric unit of length is the
meter
3 multiple choice options
A Mt. SAC physiology student was looking at a WBCs on 100x total magnification. She could not tell which type of cell it was, so she switched to 400x, then lost the cell. What could she have done to prevent losing the cell that she was interested in viewing?
put the cell in the center of the visual field.
3 multiple choice options
A milliliter is ___ than a liter by a factor of ___.
smaller, 1000
3 multiple choice options
The pointer length of a field on 40x magnification is 1mm. 7 cheek cells will fit along the length of the pointer. What is the cheek cell size in mm?
0.14mm
3 multiple choice options
A hypothesis is a(n)
tentative answer
3 multiple choice options
You try to start your car, but it does not start. Which of these is a hypothesis?
My car's battery is dead.
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following are the proper components of the scientific method?
observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, results, conclusion
3 multiple choice options
100cm= ? in
39.37 in
454g= ? ug
454,000,000 ug
35 degrees C = ? F
95 F
6.78 mm to micrometer
6780 micrometers
If 1 Kg = 2.2 pounds, then 32 pounds = ? Kg
14.55 Kg
358 cm equals to how many m?
35.8 m
1 gram = __ lbs?
0.0022 lbs
1 inch = __ cm?
2.54 cm
1 kg = __ lbs?
2.2 lbs
53.46 ug to how many g?
0.00005346
43.2 L equals to how many uL?
43,200,000
If 1 cm equals 0.3937 inch, then 46 inches equals to ? cm?
116.84
Determine 55 Fahrenheit equals to Celsius.
12.78 C
89.033 KI equals to how many ul?
89,033,000,0004
How do you properly store a microscope?
Turn off the microscope, wrap the extension cord around the back, make sure the magnification is at 4x, drop the stage all the way down, and put away safely in the cabinets.
When graphing data, the X (horizontal) axis always displays:
the independent variable
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following would represent an example of qualitative data?
a stained slide of muscle tissue
3 multiple choice options
A research scientist just completed their research project. They compared the effect of an experimental drug to treat rheumatoid arthritis against a placebo. Statistics showed a significant difference in the effect of the drug compared to the effect of the placebo. What can this scientist say about the drug?
There is a significant difference between the effect of the drug when compared to treatment with a placebo
3 multiple choice options
The value that compares the difference between means of 2 groups of data is the:
t test
In order to determine whether or not our statistical calculation shows that a significant difference exists between 2 groups of data, a critical value must be found. To find the critical value, we use a number that relates our statistical results to our sample size. This number is the:
degrees of freedom
3 multiple choice options
In a study where heights of male subjects and heights of female subjects were measured, there were 135 males, and 215 females. A t test was performed to determine whether or not there was a significant difference between the 2 groups. The degrees of freedom for this study is:
134
3 multiple choice options
How confident are we in the results of our statistical tests (what is our % certainty)?
95%
3 multiple choice options
If a researcher fails to accept their alternative hypothesis, then:
They should accept the null hypothesis
3 multiple choice options
The standard deviation is the square root of the:
variance
3 multiple choice options
The value that is calculated by adding all data point values in a group of data and dividing by the number of data points is the:
mean
3 multiple choice options
A calculated t value is meaningless without determining
degrees of freedom and critical t value
A correctly formulated graph has which of the following requirements?
Title, complete labeling, units
The functional residual capacity (FRC) is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal expiration. When studying the effect of smoking on FRC, scientist of the American Lung Association tabulated the following data:FRC of Female Smokers:1000, 1200, 1200, 1300, 1000, 1400, 1500, 1600, 1200.In this group of data, 1200 represents the:
mode
A graduate student is measuring the tail length of lizards for his major professor, an expert in desert flora and fauna. His collection is an example of:
quantitative data
In comparing the #RBCs/mm3 blood between males and females(n for males = 15 and n for females =16), the tcalc was = tcrit. What are the conclusions?
There is no significant difference in the #RBCs between males and females
A research study on the effect of implantation of stem cells in the treatment of leukemia had 1000 participants per group. This is an example of the:
n number
Statistical calculations may be performed on ______ data only.
quantitative, qualitative, survey
"There is no significant difference between male height and female height." This is an example of a(an):
null hypothesis
When plotting a linear graph, the X and Y axes
are independent of each other
When viewing dividing cells, a lab technician performed a frequency count, tabulating the number of cells in each phrase of mitosis (interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase). Which graph would best highlight the results of this study?
histogram
Benedict's solution and Lugol's iodine results if positive
Benedict's solution: orange/red
Lugol's iodine: Black
What happens to the rate of diffusion and filtration over time?
slows
2 multiple choice options
The process of osmosis is:
the diffusion of water
3 multiple choice options
The movement of oxygen from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is an example of:
diffusion
3 multiple choice options
Cell membranes are said to be ___ because they allow some substances to pass but not others.
selectively permeable
3 multiple choice options
Did anything enter the dialysis bag? How do you know?
Yes, water entered the dialysis bag because the weight of the bag increased.
In the filtration experiment, which molecules filtered through? Where in the body does filtration take place?
In the filtration experiment, the iodine filtered through. Filtration in the body takes place in the kidneys.
Is a 5% NaCI solution hypertonic, isotonic or hypotonic? What happened to RBCs placed in this solution?
5% NaCI is hypertonic. RBCs in this solution will shrink.
To test tube #2 of the hamburger experiment we added hamburger, water and methylene blue. Why did we see a reaction when succinic acid was not added?
There was already succinic acid in the hamburger
What types of chemical reactions are detected by methylene blue?
oxidation and reduction
3 multiple choice options
What role did malonic acid play in the conversion of succinic acid to fumaric acid?
competitive inhibitor
3 multiple choice options
The conversion of succinic acid to fumaric acid is part of which of the following processes?
Kreb Cycle
3 multiple choice options
Benedict's solution can be used to quantify the amount of glucose in a solution because
a range of colors is produced depending on the amount of glucose present
3 multiple choice options
The best description of emulsification from the list below is:
breaking large fat droplets into smaller droplets
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following mixtures would be a positive control for testing the digestion of starch?
starch, iodine, amylase, at 37oC for 1 hour
3 multiple choice options
What is the name of the enzyme that caused the precipitation of paracasein in the curd of skim milk?
rennin
Where does a true substrate bind to the enzyme?
active site
3 multiple choice options
Bile is produced by the liver and stored and concentrated in the gall bladder. Explain the function of bile. A 30-year-old male had his gall bladder removed because he developed gall stones. How will he need to change his diet?
Bile plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of dietary fats. He will need to stop eating high-fat, greasy foods.
How many daughter cells are produced through meiosis?
four
The chromosomes condense during which phase of mitosis?
prophase
During cell division, chromosomes line up on the equator of the cell during:
metaphase
If a parent cell with 8 chromosomes underwent Mitosis how many chromosomes would be present in each of the daughter cell?
8 chromosomes
What is the complementary RNA for this DNA strand: ATCGGCCTA
UAGCCGGAU
3 multiple choice options
DNA replication occurs during which part of interphase?
S (synthesis)
3 multiple choice options
DNA making RNA is a process known as:
transcription
What type of cell division do mature skeletal muscle cells undergo?
mature skeletal muscle cells do not divide
3 multiple choice options
Outline 3 specific differences between mitosis and meiosis.
mitosis: no crossing over, happens in skin cells, 2 daughter cells; meiosis: crossing over, occurs in sex cells, 4 daughter cells
In which of the following body regions would you expect to have the highest sensory acuity (discrimination)?
the thumb
3 multiple choice options
A 65 year old female, had been to a lot of rock concerts in her day! her hearing seemed OK, but she couldn't hear certain pitches. She had her hearing tested with both the Rinne and Weber tests. She was able to hear with both ears equally with both tests. But when the Rinne test was done, the following occurred: She was able to hear the sound longer with air conduction, but not twice as long as on the mastoid process. What were the findings?
probable sensory hearing loss
3 multiple choice options
Which photoreceptor is used for vision in dim light? Can this photoreceptor distinguish color?
rod, no
3 multiple choice options
Although the knee jerk reflex is involuntary, it is an example of a:
somatic reflex
3 multiple choice options
When an individual has a common cold everything tastes like cardboard, but chemoreceptors other than the taste buds are affected by the thick mucus secretions. These chemoreceptors are:
olfactory epithelium
3 multiple choice options
A rabies vaccine is a frightening thought! This is partly because, the injection is into the abdomen. However, patients receiving this vaccine rarely feel the injection. This is because:
sensory receptors are few and far from each other
3 multiple choice options
On a cold day, Mrs. Pascoe ran out of the house late for work. While driving to work, she thought that she forgot her sweater, then later realized that she had it on! This is an example of:
sensory adaptation
3 multiple choice options
When you placed one hand in a tub of warm water and one hand in a tub of cold water, eventually your temperature receptors adapted to warm or cold. Why did you feel a difference when you moved both hands to a tub of tepid water?
each hand felt a new stimulus
3 multiple choice options
Everyone has 1 blind spot in each eye. Why is this region considered a "blind spot"?
there are no photoreceptors in this region
3 multiple choice options
Mrs. Pascoe is almost as blind as a bat. She has 20/70 vision in her good eye. What does the "70" mean?
most people can see at 70 ft, what she can see at 20 ft
3 multiple choice options
The electromyogram can measure muscle contractions by measuring what?
The change of ion levels in the interstitial fluid
3 multiple choice options
The neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscle action potentials, then contraction is:
acetylcholine
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following is not a component of thin filament?
myosin
3 multiple choice options
A motor unit is made up of:
a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates
3 multiple choice options
To activate cross bridge formation, calcium is released:
from sarcoplasmic reticulum, and in response to an action potential
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following muscles would have the largest motor units?
latissimus dorsi
3 multiple choice options
Fatigue is when you don't feel like moving your muscles
False
1 multiple choice option
The tropomyosin-troponin complexes block the active sites on the actin preventing the contraction.
True
Recruitment is the process in which there is an increase in the number of motor units activated.
True
1 multiple choice option
During relaxation, calcium returns to the sarcoplasmic reticulum by ATPase and the sarcomere returns to its resting state.
True
1 multiple choice option
Type O blood has ____ antigen(s) on the cell surface.
none of the above
3 multiple choice options
Which category of plasma proteins makes up the greatest percentage in whole blood?
Albumins
3 multiple choice options
What percentage of whole blood is plasma?
55%
Which cells have a nucleus?
Leukocytes
3 multiple choice options
The formed elements (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets) make up ____ of blood.
45%
3 multiple choice options
Which of the following correctly lists the five types of leukocytes?
eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes
3 multiple choice options
A 40 year old female visited her doctor complaining of flu-like symptoms for more than 1 week. Her doctor tested her blood and she was COVID negative, but her WBC count was 15000 cells per microliter. What do you conclude?
acute infection
3 multiple choice options
What is the element, which binds oxygen, required to produce hemoglobin?
iron