Developmental Stages

Infant-Toddler (0-3years)

Sensorimotor Stage

Infant-Toddler (0-3years)

Object Permanence

Infant-Toddler (0-3years)

Trust or Mistrust

Infant-Toddler (0-3years)

Autonomy or Shame/Doubt

Preschool (Ages 3 to 4)

Initiative vs Guilt

Preschool (Ages 3 to 4)

Pre-operational stage

Preschool (Ages 3 to 4)

Egocentric

Preschool (Ages 3 to 4)

Scaffolding

Kindergarten- 1st Grade (Ages 5 to 6)

Pre-operational stage

Kindergarten- 1st Grade (Ages 5 to 6)

Egocentric

Kindergarten- 1st Grade (Ages 5 to 6)

Scaffolding

Kindergarten- 1st Grade (Ages 5 to 6)

Conservation

Elementary (Ages 7 to 11)

Industry Vs. Inferiority Stage

Elementary (Ages 7 to 11)

Concrete Operational Stage

Elementary (Ages 7 to 11)

Classification

Elementary (Ages 7 to 11)

Reversibility

Adolescence (Ages 12 to 17)

Identity Vs Role Confusion

Adolescence (Ages 12 to 17)

Formal Operational Stage

Adolescence (Ages 12 to 17)

Puberty

Puberty

typically occurs between ages 12 and 17; changes such as the development of secondary sexual characteristics, growth spurts, and alterations in body composition

Classification

to categorize objects, events, or concepts based on common attributes or characteristics, enabling children to organize and make sense of their environment

Reversibility

to mentally undo actions or operations; allows individuals to understand that certain processes can be reversed to return to their original state

Conservation

understanding that certain physical attributes of objects—such as quantity, mass, volume, and number—remain constant even when their appearance or arrangement changes

Fine Motor Skills

Fine motor skills involve tiny muscles working with the brain and nervous system to control movements in areas like the hands, fingers, lips, tongue, and eyes

Egocentric

demonstrating a cognitive inclination where individuals find it challenging to acknowledge perspectives beyond their own

Scaffolding

when the teacher breaks down complex concepts into small, more manageable steps helping children along the way

Object Permanence

the understanding that something still exists even though it cannot be seen or heard

Sensory Exploration

involves activities that engage the senses—touch, sight, hearing, smell, and taste—helping children explore and understand the world around them