Medical Terminology

Anatomical position

Standing upright facing forward, legs parallel, palms facing forward.

Sagittal Plane

Anatomical plane that divides the body into left and right sections (longitudinal).

Frontal/Coronal Plane

Divides the body into posterior and anterior portions (perpendicular).

Transverse/Axial plane

Divides the body into superior and inferior portions (parallel to the ground).

Anterior

Located in the front of the body (front side of body).

Posterior

Located in the back of the body (backside of body).

Distal

Away from the trunk (wrist distal to elbow).

Proximal

Towards the trunk/center.

Inferior

Deeper, away from the head, towards the bottom portion of the body.

Superior

Superficial, towards the head, towards the top portion of the body.

Medial

Midline down the line of the body.

Lateral

Away from midline.

Abduction

Moving away from the midline.

Adduction

Moving towards the midline.

Circumduction

Movement in a circular pattern while other limb stays stationary.

Depression

Downward movement of the scapula and mandible.

Elevation

Upward movement of the scapula and mandible.

Dorsiflexion

Flex toes up, contracting foot.

Plantarflexion

Flex toes down, extension of the foot.

Extension/Hyperextension

Increase the range of motion/angle (degrees).

Flexion/Hyperflexion

Decreases the range of motion/angle.

Inversion

Turning of the foot to angle the bottom of the foot toward the midline.

Eversion

Turns the bottom of the foot away from the midline.

Internal Rotation

Rotating joint towards the midline.

External Rotation

Rotating joint away from the midline.

Sprain

Injury to ligament.

Strain

Muscle or tendon stretches too far.

Contusion

Swelling, pain, or compression in the joint.

Dislocation

A separation of two bones where they meet at a joint.

Subluxation

Partial dislocation.

Chronic

Condition that continues over an extended period of time.

Mechanism of Injury (MOI)

The way damage to skin, bone, or muscle happens.

Swelling

Enlargement of skin or any body part.

Hematoma

Pool of body fluid (blood) that forms in a space.

Prognosis

Predicted time of disease.

Etiology

Branch of knowledge concerned with the cause or causes of a disease.

Pathology

Science that focuses on diagnosis and disease.

HOPS

History, observation, palpation, stress test (how you assess).

SOAP

Subjective, objective, assessment, plan (how you document).

Alg-

Pain.

Angio-

Vessel.

Anti-

Opposite.

Arthr-

Joint.

Auto-

Self.

Brachi-

Arm.

Brady-

Slow.

Bronc-

Lung.

Cardi-

heart

Cephal-

Head.

Cervic-

Neck.

Chondro-

Cartilage.

Contra-

Opposite.

Cranio-

Skull.

Derma-

Skin.

Disc -

Abnormal.

Dors-

Posterior.

Dys-

Difficult.

Ectomy-

Removal of something.

-emesis

Vomiting.

-emia

Blood.

Erythro-

Cells.

Fasci-

Tissue.

Fibro-

Fibrous tissue.

Hem-

Blood.

Hydro-

Water.

Hyper-

Above, beyond, super.

Idio-

Peculiar.

Inter-

Among and between.

Intra-

Inside.

Iso-

Equal.

-itis

Inflammation.

Kinesio/kinesis

Movement.

Laryng-

Windpipe.

Leuk-

White.

Lingu-

Tongue.

Lipo-

Fat.

-lysis

Setting free.

Mal-

Bad, abnormal.

Mening-

Membrane.

Myo-

Muscle.

Necro-

Dead.

Neuro-

Nerve and brain.

-osis

Condition.

Osteo-

Bone.

Oto-

Ear.

-otomy

Cutting.

-penia

Deficiency.

-phylaxis

Protection.

-pnea

Breathing

what are the two types of documentation

SOAP and HOPS