Thẻ ghi nhớ: MAMMOTH KILL | Quizlet

Urban sprawl (noun phrase)

/ˌɜː.bən ˈsprɔːl/ | Meaning: The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas, characterized by the spreading of houses and shopping centers into nearby countryside. | Nghĩa: Sự đô thị hóa tràn lan, sự mở rộng đô thị tự phát (thiếu quy hoạch). | Example: In this modern age of urban sprawl and automobiles, it is hard to imagine the ancient wild landscape.

Beavers (noun - plural)

/ˈbiː.vəz/ | Meaning: Large semiaquatic rodents known for building dams; in prehistory, some species grew to the size of a bear. | Nghĩa: Con hải ly. | Example: North America once belonged to elephant-like mammoths and bear-sized beavers.

Demise (noun)

/dɪˈmaɪz/ | Meaning: The end or failure of an enterprise or institution; in biology, the death or extinction of a species. | Nghĩa: Sự băng hà, sự suy vong, sự diệt vong (của một loài). | Example: The demise of these large mammals coincided roughly with the arrival of early humans.

Die off (noun phrase / verb)

/ˈdaɪ.ɒf/ | Meaning: The rapid decline and death of a large number of organisms within a population over a short period. | Nghĩa: Sự chết dần chết mòn, sự sụt giảm số lượng hàng loạt. | Example: Climate change and human hunting have inspired several distinct theories about the die off.

Megafauna (noun)

/ˌmeɡ.əˈfɔː.nə/ | Meaning: The large mammals of a particular region, habitat, or geological period, typically those weighing over 44 kg. | Nghĩa: Động vật khổng lồ, quần thể đại động vật (thuộc kỷ tiền sử). | Example: New findings offer support to the hypothesis that human hunting drove megafauna to extinction.

Accompanying vermin (noun phrase)

/əˈkʌm.pə.ni.ɪŋ ˈvɜː.mɪn/ | Meaning: Small wild animals or insects (such as rats, lice, or fleas) that travel along with humans and carry destructive diseases. | Nghĩa: Loài ký sinh/sâu bọ/gặm nhấm đi theo (con người). | Example: Humans may have introduced deadly diseases through their hunting dogs or accompanying vermin.

The point of no return (idiom / phrase)

/ðə pɔɪnt əv nəʊ rɪˈtɜːn/ | Meaning: The stage in a process or course of action where it becomes impossible to stop, change, or reverse the effects. | Nghĩa: Điểm không thể quay đầu, giai đoạn không thể cứu vãn/đảo ngược. | Example: Repeated outbreaks of a lethal disease quickly drove the vulnerable wildlife to the point of no return.

Empirical (adjective)

/ɪmˈpɪr.ɪ.kəl/ | Meaning: Based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic. | Nghĩa: Mang tính thực nghiệm, dựa trên bằng chứng thực tế chứng minh được. | Example: The scientist does not currently possess enough empirical evidence to fully prove his new theory.

Come by (phrasal verb)

/kʌm baɪ/ | Meaning: To manage to get, find, or obtain something, especially something that is rare, difficult, or valuable. | Nghĩa: Kiếm được, tìm thấy được, có được (một cách khó khăn). | Example: Physical proof of the ancient virus is not easy to come by because soft tissue decomposes rapidly.

Pleistocene epoch (noun phrase)

/ˈplaɪ.stə.siːn ˈiː.pɒk/ | Meaning: The geological epoch which lasted from about 2.5 million to 11,700 years ago, spanning the world's most recent period of repeated glaciations. | Nghĩa: Thế Pleistocen, Kỷ Canh Tân (thời kỳ băng hà cuối cùng). | Example: The Pleistocene epoch witnessed considerable climate instability that deeply affected global biodiversity.