Normal heart and circulation

FHR in 1st trimester

100 bpm

FHR in 2nd trimester

120-180 bpm

when is the heart fully formed

10 wks

when is the heart detected

CRL of 5mm

Levocardia

normal cardiac position

Dextrocardia

Abnormal cardiac situs

apex pointing to right chest

Normal cardiac rhythm

atrial and ventricular beats simultaneously

1:1 ratio

how much space does the heart occupy

1/3 of the chest

What is the position of the apex of heart in relation to the midline of the body?

angled to the left of midline 45^o from the spine

LVOT

Left ventricular outflow tract

blood exits the left ventricle into the aorta.

RVOT

Right ventricular outflow tract

blood exits the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery

3VV

Three-vessel view of the chest

visualizing three major vessels: aorta, pulmonary artery, and superior vena cava.

oxygenated blood comes from

The placenta to the umbilical vein

what supplies blood to the body

Left side of the heart and aorta

Ductus venosus

a temporary blood vessel that allows oxygenated blood from the umbilical vein to bypass the liver and into the IVC

Foramen ovale

A temporary opening that allows blood to pass through the Rt atrium into the Lt atrium

Ductus arteriosus

temporary blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta letting blood bypass the lungs

chamber closes to sternum

Right ventricle

chamber closest to spine/ descending aorta

left ventricle

which side is the mitral valve on

left

which side is the tricuspid valve on

right