es

Ecosystem

A community of living organisms interacting with each other and their physical environment.

Biotic Components

Living organisms like plants, animals, and microorganisms in an ecosystem.

Abiotic Components

Non-living components such as soil, water, sunlight, and climate in an ecosystem.

Types of Ecosystem

Natural & Man made :

1. Terrestrial

2. Forests

3. Grasslands

4. Deserts

5. Gardens

6. Aquatic

7. Oceans

8. Rivers

9. Lakes

10. Ponds

11. Aquarium etc.

Terrestrial

Land-based ecosystems like forests, grasslands, and deserts.

Aquatic

Water-based ecosystems including oceans, rivers, and lakes.

Nutrient cycling

Recycling of nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in an ecosystem.

Energy flow

Transfer of energy through the food chain in an ecosystem.

Habitat

Providing a home for various species in an ecosystem.

Biodiversity

Supports a wide variety of plants, animals, and microorganisms in an ecosystem.

Climate regulation

Ecosystems play a role in regulating climate patterns.

Food Chain

A linear sequence of organisms where each serves as a source of food for the next.

Producers

Organisms like plants that produce their own food through photosynthesis in a food chain.

Consumers

Organisms that consume other organisms for energy in a food chain.

Decomposers

Organisms like bacteria and fungi that break down dead organisms and organic matter in a food chain.

Food Web

A complex network of interconnected food chains showing the flow of energy and nutrients in an ecosystem.

Stability

A diverse and interconnected food web leads to a more stable ecosystem.

Greenhouse Effect

Natural process warming the Earth's surface by trapping heat from the sun.

Greenhouse Gases

Gases like carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor that trap heat in the atmosphere.

Pollution

Introduction of harmful substances into the environment causing adverse effects.

Air Pollution

Contamination of the air by harmful gases and particles.

Water Pollution

Contamination of water bodies by chemicals, plastics, and other waste.

Chlorination

A method for purifying water by adding chlorine tablets or bleaching powder.