Movement Deficits and Disorders

Vocabulary practice flashcards identifying key movement deficits, developmental disabilities, and specific neurological and muscular conditions based on the lecture notes.

Movement deficit

A chronic deficiency in mechanisms or strategies for achieving a movement goal.

Movement disorders

A subcategory of movement deficits typically involving neurological symptoms.

Essential Tremor

The most common movement disorder in the U.S.

Developmental disabilities

Life-long, non-progressive disabilities that appear early in life.

Developmental coordination disorder (DCD)

Also known as dyspraxia, it is a condition where a child has difficulty with both gross and fine motor coordination, such as tying shoes or catching a ball, without an intellectual disability.

Dyspraxia

Another term for developmental coordination disorder (DCD).

Cerebral palsy

A non-progressive condition present at birth caused by brain damage, characterized by difficulty with movement and posture.

Spastic cerebral palsy

A type of cerebral palsy characterized by stiff or weak muscles.

Ataxic cerebral palsy

A type of cerebral palsy that primarily affects coordination and balance due to cerebellar damage.

Spina bifida

The most common neural tube defect, caused by the failure of the neural tube to close properly during development.

Folic acid

A supplement taken during pregnancy as a major prevention strategy for neural tube defects like spina bifida.

Muscular dystrophy

A progressive hereditary muscle disease caused by a genetic issue affecting a protein that protects muscle fibers.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

A form of muscular dystrophy that primarily affects boys.

Dystrophin

The protein affected in muscular dystrophy that is responsible for protecting muscle fibers.

Cervical dystonia

A condition characterized by involuntary muscle contractions in the neck.

Botox

A treatment used for cervical dystonia that works by temporarily paralyzing overactive muscles to reduce symptoms.