Unit 3 Concept 3 and 4

Thermal energy

sum of kinetic and potential energy of the particles in an object

Thermal energy

increases as mass increases

Thermal energy

increases as temperature increases

Temperature

measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in an object

Thermal energy

flows from higher temperature objects to lower temperature objects

heat

transfer of energy from one object to another

Cold

absence of heat

Conduction

transfer of energy through matter by direct contact of particles

solids

best conductors of heat

Convection

transfer of energy by the movement of heated particles

Radiation

transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves

Convection

occurs in liquids and gases

Radiation

occurs fastest in gases

Conductors

materials that allow heat to flow easily

Conductors

metals, skin

Insulators

materials that do not easily allow heat to flow easily

Insulators

Air, wood, syrofoam, plastic, fiberglass

Specific heat

amount of heat needed to raise temperature of 1kg of a material by 1 degree C or K

Work

transfer of energy that occurs when a force makes an object move

Power

amount of work done in a certain time; rate at which work is done