Biomolecules

Definition of Biomolecules Four Major Biomolecules Three Types of Carbohydrates

Biomolecules

Organic compounds made by living organisms, also known as Macromolecules.

Carbohydrates

Main sources of energy, including sugars, starches, fibers, fruits, vegetables, and milk products.

Monosaccharides

Simple sugars, a type of carbohydrate.

Glucose

A type of monosaccharide, known as blood sugar.

Galactose

A type of monosaccharide found in fruits, vegetables, and dairy products.

Fructose

A type of monosaccharide found in honey and corn syrup.

Disaccharides

Double sugars, formed by two monosaccharides bonded together.

Sucrose

A type of disaccharide, known as table sugar.

Maltose

A type of disaccharide found in germinating seeds like barley.

Lactose

A type of disaccharide, also known as milk sugar.

Polysaccharides

Complex carbohydrates with large structures, a type of carbohydrate.

Starch

A type of polysaccharide with a soft, tasteless powder.

Cellulose

An indigestible polysaccharide found in plant cell walls.

Glycogen

A polysaccharide stored in the liver, serving as a glucose reservoir.

Lipids

Found in hormones and cell membranes, insoluble in water but soluble in non-polar solvents.

Proteins

Polymers containing long sequences of Amino Acids like Alanine, Valine, Serine, Glycine, Tyrosine.

Nucleic Acids

Long chainlike molecules responsible for coding genetic traits.

Nucleotides

Nearly identical blocks forming nucleic acids, coding genetic information.

DNA

A nucleotide storing genetic information and directing development, with base pairings A-T and G-C.

RNA

A nucleotide transferring genetic information and directing synthesis, with base pairings A-U and G-C.