Nursing Care of Clients with Reproductive Conditions IV: Neoplasms

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts in nursing care for patients with reproductive neoplasms, focusing on gynecological and breast cancers.

Gynecological cancer

Cancer involving the female reproductive tract, including cervix, uterus, ovaries, vulva, vagina, and fallopian tubes.

Uterine cancer

Cancer that forms in the tissue lining of the uterus, also known as endometrial cancer.

Risk factors for uterine cancer

Factors such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, nulliparity, late menopause, early menarche, anovulation, polycystic ovarian syndrome, personal or family history of cancer, and use of tamoxifen that increase the likelihood of developing uterine cancer.

Endometrial hyperplasia

A condition characterized by the thickening of the endometrium, which can be a precursor to uterine cancer.

Signs and symptoms of uterine cancer

Includes abnormal uterine bleeding, abnormal vaginal discharge, pelvic pain, and the presence of a lump, especially postmenopausal bleeding.

Diagnosis of uterine cancer

Utilizes methods like endometrial sampling, outpatient hysteroscopy, and dilation and curettage (D&C) to confirm the presence of cancer.

FIGO staging for endometrial cancer

The staging system based on tumor confinement and spread: Stage I is confined to the uterus; Stage II involves the cervix; Stage III extends outside the uterus but not outside the pelvic region; Stage IV extends outside the pelvis.

Management of uterine cancer

Includes surgical treatment, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy for recurrent cases.

Cervical cancer

Cancer in which cells form in the tissues of the cervix, often linked to HPV infection and known for its long pre-invasive state.

Risk factors for cervical cancer

Includes HPV infection, early age at first intercourse, multiple sexual partners, smoking, early pregnancy, and family history of cervical cancer.

Signs and symptoms of cervical cancer

Comprises abnormal vaginal bleeding, offensive discharge, pelvic pain, urinary symptoms, and signs of advanced disease.

Diagnosis of cervical cancer

Involves cervical smear/Pap smear for screening and follow-up biopsy through colposcopy.

FIGO staging for cervical cancer

Stages range from pre-invasive carcinoma (stage 0) to invasive carcinoma with varying survival rates; stage IV has the lowest survival rate.

Hysterectomy

Surgical removal of the uterus performed for various conditions including cancer.

Breast cancer

Cancer that forms in the breast tissue, the most common cancer among women in certain regions.

Risk factors for breast cancer

Includes increasing age, family history, never being pregnant, early menarche, late menopause, obesity, and lifestyle factors.

Common types of breast cancer

Includes non-invasive forms like ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive types like infiltrating ductal carcinoma.

Staging of breast cancer

Classified by tumor size, lymph node involvement, and presence of metastasis with associated survival rates.

Treatment options for breast cancer

Includes surgery (mastectomy), chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy.

Nursing care for clients undergoing mastectomy

Involves post-operative pain control, wound and drain care, avoidance of certain activities to prevent lymphedema, and psychological support.

Possible nursing diagnoses

Include acute pain, anxiety, fear, ineffective coping, and disturbed body image related to cancer or surgical outcomes.