Health and Disease Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards based on lecture notes about health and disease.

Natural Disease

Diseases that occur naturally, such as COVID, Malaria, and Lyme disease.

Human Induced Illness

Illnesses caused or influenced by human actions, such as COPD and those caused by carcinogens.

Medical Geography

Study of disease, human health, and the spread and movement of disease in relation to the environment.

Spatial Epidemiology

Study of the spatial distribution of diseases and health conditions within a population.

Chemical Stimuli

Factors, such as drugs and noxious gases, that can affect health.

Physical Stimuli

Factors, such as physical accidents and electrical shocks, that can affect health.

Infectious Stimuli

Factors, such as microbes and viruses, that can affect health.

Psychosocial Stimuli

Factors, such as social pressures, that can affect health.

Human Ecology

The combination of many factors that determine overall health.

Habitat

Natural and built environments that influence health through culture and natural surroundings.

Endemic

A disease that is always present within a population.

Epidemic

A number of disease cases that is more than expected, or when it occurs within a population where it normally does not.

Pandemic

An epidemic that covers a large area.

Agent

Organism that causes disease (e.g., bacteria, virus).

Host

Life form that has a disease caused by an agent.

Vector

Means by which an agent is transmitted to a host (e.g., mosquitoes, fleas, ticks).

Malaria

A global health problem transmitted by mosquitoes, with a significant portion of the global population at risk.

Tuberculosis (TB)

A respiratory disease caused by bacteria, typically highly contagious.

Yellow Fever

Mosquito transmitted virus. Vaccination of 60-80% of population virtually ends the problem

Diarrhea

Global problem causing dehydration and death.

Influenza

Global health problem that can become a pandemic, impacting weaker portions of the population, with a high mutation rate.

Access of healthcare

Availability of health care resources

Delivery of healthcare of

Providing health care to the population

Functional factors

Presence or absence of resources for healthcare.

Geographical factors

Proximity to healthcare resources.

Social factors

Social elements that affect healthcare, such as racism or sexism.

Financial factors

Economic conditions that affect healthcare, such as the ability to afford it.