YAMASAKI — PRUITT-IGOE & Post-WWII Architecture

These flashcards cover key concepts and details regarding the Pruitt-Igoe public housing project, Brutalism, and post-WWII architectural movements.

What does the phrase 'Modern Architecture Died in St. Louis' refer to?

It refers to the demolition of Pruitt-Igoe, symbolizing the failure of Modernist public housing when social and economic factors are not addressed.

What were the intended qualities of Pruitt-Igoe?

The intended qualities of Pruitt-Igoe included being a safe, affordable, clean, and community-centered place for residents.

Why did maintenance decline in Pruitt-Igoe?

Maintenance declined due to lack of funding, as the government covered construction costs but tenants were responsible for maintenance, which many could not afford.

How was public housing perceived during the Cold War?

Public housing was viewed as 'un-American' during the Cold War, racing against the backdrop of population and income patterns.

What was the impact of urban vs. suburban growth on cities?

Urban planners did not anticipate that suburbs would grow more than urban populations, leading to reduced tax revenue and decline of city services.

What were the 'Morality Clauses' in Pruitt-Igoe public housing?

Able-bodied men were prohibited from living in Pruitt-Igoe, creating restrictive living conditions likened to a prison.

What was the purpose of the Green Belts established in post-WWII Britain?

Green Belts were intended to prevent uncontrolled suburban sprawl and reorganize cities for safety in response to fears of Soviet atomic bombs.

What characterized the New Towns Movement in post-WWII Britain?

The New Towns Movement was inspired by Modernist principles focusing on efficiency, quick construction, and economic viability.

Who was James Stirling and what were his design goals?

James Stirling was an architect who aimed to create spaces that foster social interactions and chance encounters, with strong attention to the coloration of buildings.

What is the essence of Brutalism in architecture?

Brutalism emphasized material honesty (raw concrete), social purpose, and a confrontational scale without decorative elements.

What are the Six Determinants of Architectural Form by Paul Rudolph?

1. Architectural Context, 2. Environment of the Building, 3. Materials, 4. Directed Vision, 5. Aesthetic Sense, 6. Visual Weight.

What is meant by 'Material honesty' in Brutalism?

Material honesty refers to the use of raw, unrefined materials, such as poured concrete, to create a straightforward expression in architecture.