Review on American History: Key Concepts and Events 1800-1850

A set of flashcards capturing essential vocabulary and concepts from American history from 1800 to 1850.

Missouri Compromise

An agreement that allowed Missouri to enter as a slave state and prohibited slavery north of the 36° 30' line in the Louisiana Purchase territory.

War of 1812

A conflict between the United States and Great Britain caused by trade restrictions and British support of Native American attacks on American settlers.

Democratic-Republicans

A political party that opposed the American System proposed by Henry Clay, believing it favored the South and increased federal power.

American System

A plan by Henry Clay that aimed to strengthen and unify the nation through a strong banking system, protective tariffs, and internal improvements.

Nationalism after War of 1812

A surge of national pride reflected in cultural expressions, military expansions, and literature, except through the revival of the Bank of the United States.

Battle of New Orleans

A major American victory in the War of 1812, elevating Andrew Jackson to national hero status.

Era of Good Feelings

A period marked by political unity and a lack of major conflicts, though it had underlying tensions regarding economic issues and sectionalism.

Rush-Bagot Agreement

A treaty that severely limited naval armaments on the Great Lakes, promoting peace between the United States and Great Britain.

Hartford Convention

A meeting of New England Federalists who opposed the War of 1812 and discussed secession from the Union.

American writers of the 1820s

Washington Irving and James Fenimore Cooper, recognized for their contributions to American literature.

Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall

A significant figure whose rulings strengthened federal power and the authority of the Supreme Court.

Monroe Doctrine

A policy stating that European nations should not interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere, marking a shift towards American isolationism.

Democratic-Republican dominance

A political landscape established after the decline of the Federalists, leading to one-party rule in the early 19th century.

War of 1812 loss for Britain

The most significant defeat for Britain in this war, which affirmed American sovereignty.

Second Great Awakening

A religious revival that emphasized individual piety and social reform, gaining significant female participation.

Mormons

A religious group founded by Joseph Smith, known for their westward migration and establishment of communities in Utah.

Popular Sovereignty

The principle that allows residents of a territory to decide to allow slavery, central to the debates over new states' statuses.

Fugitive Slave Act of 1850

A law enforcing the return of escaped slaves to their owners, causing widespread opposition in the North.

Underground Railroad

A network of secret routes and safe houses used to help enslaved people escape to freedom.

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Legislation that allowed these territories to decide on slavery through popular sovereignty, leading to violent conflict.