IMS FINAL

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Socrates' argument about writing

Writing encourages forgetfulness by relying on written texts instead of memory.

The rhetorical performance

A method of persuasion through verbal performance and intonance, not through reading written texts.

Public sphere

An idealized concept where private citizens discuss pressing societal issues.

Habermas' ideal public sphere

A social setting outside of the state, family, and economy for public discourse.

Social media as a public sphere

Brings together a broad public for discussion, allowing anonymity for safety.

Anonymity in public discussion

Facilitates the sharing of broader ideas with a sense of safety.

Accessibility to public spheres

Not all individuals have equal access due to factors like income and education.

Ideology

The values and beliefs that structure a society.

Interpellation

The process of how ideologies 'hail' individuals, making them subjects of those ideologies.

Hegemony

The dominance of ideologies presented as common sense, maintained through consent.

Counter-hegemony

Forces that challenge dominant ideologies and question the status quo.

Panopticon

A prison design that allows constant surveillance, causing self-regulation among inmates.

Surveillance and self-surveillance

The idea that individuals regulate their behavior due to perceived observation.

Visuality

The structures of what can be seen and the power relations involved in seeing.

Countervisuality

The struggle for the right to look and challenge the power of visuality.

Binary oppositions

Cultural distinctions maintained through exclusion and differentiation.

The Other

A term for groups that are not part of the dominant culture, often dehumanized.

Race as a social construction

Race is categorized based on legal, social, and cultural definitions rather than biology.

Foucault's technologies of power

Practices that enforce control and governance, shaping individual conduct.

Analog technology

Continuous forms of technology that degrade in quality when copied.

Digital technology

Discrete, reconfigurable forms of technology that maintain quality across copies.

Technological determinism

The belief that technology is the primary driver of social and cultural change.

Technoscience

The combination of science and technology to create new advancements and objects.

Winner's artifacts have politics

Technologies are shaped by social and economic contexts and power dynamics.

Blackboxing of technology

A system that does not reveal its internal workings, making it non-adaptable.

Data in consumerism

A system of valuation that often remains hidden and shapes consumer behavior.

Digital hyperconnectivity

A condition that transforms social relationships and shapes individual identity.

Hyperconnectivity and self

The process of quantifying and objectifying self-identity through digital connections.

The attention economy

Human attention treated as a commodity in a media-saturated world.

The surveillance state

Governmental use of surveillance technology to monitor and control populations.

Biometric surveillance

Using biological characteristics for identification and tracking individuals.

Surveillance capitalism

Exploiting data collection to predict behavior and gain market control.

Epistemic inequality

The disparity in knowledge and access to information among different groups.

Countervisuality techniques

Methods for resisting surveillance practices through disguise and obfuscation.

Facial recognition technology

A surveillance method that identifies individuals based on facial features.

De Certeau's strategies

Institutional structures that people navigate within society.

De Certeau's tactics

Temporary and personal gestures used to resist controlling structures.

Cyborg concept

The combination of human bodies and machines, both in reality and fiction.

Quantified self

The practice of using technology to track personal health and habits.

Artificial intelligence (AI)

Machines that can perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence.

Generative AI

A type of AI that creates new data, such as texts and images.

AI threats

Potential risks such as deskilling of labor, worker displacement, and control loss.

Normalization of AI

The process by which AI becomes a standard part of everyday life.

Technologies of production

Permit us to produce, transform, or manipulate things

This includes traditional manufacturing processes, digital fabrication techniques, automation, and information technologies that enhance efficiency, quality, and scalability in production.

Technologies of sign systems

permit us to use signs, meanings, symbols, or signification (ie. traffic signs, art, and fashion communicating a variety of different meanings)

technologies of power

determine the conduct of individuals and submit them to certain ends or domination, an objectivizing of the self

can use surveillance as an example

technologies of the self

permit individuals to effect by their own means a certain number of operations on their own bodies, thoughts, conduct, and way of being, so as to transform themselves to attain a certain state of happiness, purity, wisdom, perfection, immortality

examples include: journaling and self-reflection, psychotherapy, writing as an art in general