4.2 types and methods of practice

what are the 8 types of practice (when will paul pay me da frickin vbucks)

• whole practice

• whole-part-whole practice

• progressive-part practice

• part practice

• massed practice

• distributed practice

• fixed practice

• varied practice

what is whole practice

skill is taught without breaking it down into subroutines or parts

 2 advantages of whole practice

-Player experiences kinaesthetic sense for movement 

-Player can appreciate relationships between each part of movement

2 disadvantages of using whole practice

-Harder to spot and correct errors

-Increased fatigue

- may results in boredom, or a drop in motivation

what is part practice

when the skill is low in organisation and can be split up into subroutines

2 advantages of using part practice

-useful for complex skills as can make sense of movement and be successful with initial movements

-Performer can gain confidence by learning each element separately then bringing together

2 disadvantages of using part practice

-Loss of kinaesthetic sense

-It can take lots of time to learn the individual parts and then reassemble them

what is whole-part-whole practice

involves performer firstly attempting whole skill, then practising in parts then putting back together again

advantages of whole-part-whole practice

-Used to recognise strengths and weaknesses in performance

-Performers can also get kinaesthetic sense of movement

disadvantages of using whole-part-whole practice

-Attempting the whole skill first can be demotivating if the performer struggles

-it can take a long time to learn the skill and then to improve each individual part

what is progressive-part practice

method that involves breaking down a skill into smaller parts, teaching each part sequentially, and then combining them to form the complete skill.

advantages of using progressive-part practice

-Useful to understand relationships between various components -can be helpful in breaking down complex skills

disadvantages of using progressive part practice

-Time consuming as chaining new parts of skill takes time

-Cannot be used for highly organised skills as they cannot be effectively broken down

what is fixed practice

stable practice environment with practice conditions remaining unchanged.

eg badminton player repeatedly practices short flick serve into opponent service box.

Advantages of fixed practise

- suitable for closed skills - enables habitual repeated movements with few other irrelevant stimuli interfering

Disadvantages with fixed practise

• doesn't replicate game situation from any team sports

• increases boredom and fatigue

What is varied practise

- conditions of the practise remain changing and there are a range of experiences

Advantages of varied practise

- can come into contact with a range of experiences - improves decision making skills - replicates real life

Disadvantages of varied practice

-requires high demand which can overwhelm beginners - less suitable for closed skills

What is massed practise

Practise that involves very short or no rest intervals within the session

Advantages of massed practise

- can improve general fitness due to lack of brakes - high levels of repetition will improve consistency - used for simple skills

Disadvantages of massed practise

- requires high motivation from performers - extended periods of time are required

Distributed practise meaning

- involves long rests between trials - EG between basketball drills players could go and play table tennis

Advantages of distributed practise

- can use rest period to mentally rehearse, take on extrinsic feedback ,recover and do activities unrelated to drills

Disadvantages of distributed practise

- rest period should not involve activities which could lead to negative transfer