Social Studies Semester 2 final exam

Mary Leakey’s discovery

Footprint: showed humans walked upright before previously believed

Neolithic Revolution

The development of agriculture

5 characteristics of civilization

-specialization of workers

-complex institutions

-advanced technology

-record keeping

-advanced cities

Sargon of Akkad

Created the world’s first empire

Nile river’s impact on Egyptians

Egyptians would plant crops after floods

Cities of the Indus Valley

….

Mandate of Heaven

…..

Result of spread of indo-Europeans

…..

Major difference between Hinduism and Buddhism

The cast system

Most able seafarers of the early Mediterranean

The Phoenicians

The 10 commandment became the basis for both

…..

After Kushites lost Egypt, what did they do

……

Where is the Assyrian Empire

The Fertile Crescent

Reason for Persian success in unifying their conquered territories

They allowed the people to follow their own laws/customs

Shi-Huangdi’s kind of government

Autocracy

Result of contact between the Myceneans and Minoans

The Myceneans were highly influenced by the Minoans

Polis

A city and surrounding countryside

Democracy under Pericles

Increased number of paid officials

Regions Alexander conquered

Macedonia, Greece, Persian empire, Egypt, Indus River valley.

Culture in Alexander’s empire

The blending of Greek and eastern culture. (Hellenistic)

Alexandria, Egypt during the Hellenistic age

The most important center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization

Result of the Punic wars

Rome wins and dominated land around the Mediterranean

Impact of Julius Caesar’s assassination

…….

Pax Romana

Roman peace

Why did Christianity’s spread throughout the Roman Empire

It offered people life after death

Reason for Diocletian’s division of the Roman Empire

He believed the empire was too large and complex for 1 person to rule

Reason for the collapse of the Roman Empire in the west

The invasions of the Jermanic tribes (the Huns)

The eastern Roman Empire after the collapse of the western Roman Empire

It not only survived but it thrived for another 1,000 years

Roman culture’s influence today

Many English words today have a basis in Latin

Principles of Roman law

-All citizens had the right to equal treatment

-innocent until proven guilty

-Burden of proof rests with the accuser

First Indian dynasty

Mauryan

Asoka’s conversion to Buddhism

Converted because he felt sorrow over a slaughter

Edicts

Issued because Asoka wanted fair and human treatment for his people

India after the death of Asoka

The empire ended and experienced a long time of turmoil

Indian civilization during the Gupta empire

……

New Buddhism

More popular because more people could join

Indian inventions

-modern numbers

-the zero ‘0’

-the decimal system

Indian astronomers proved

…….

Indians and the Silk Road

Indians made great profits by acting as middle men

India’s effect on Southeast Aisa

Traders spread Indian culture through Southeast Asia