happiness

ultimate goal

main and most important aim

self-evident

clear, obvious without needing any proof or explanation

matter

to be important

external

outer, outside # internal

pronouncement

an official public statement

advocate

supporter, promoter, upholder

promote

encourage, foster, develop, boost, stimulate # obstruct, impede

collective

shared or made by every member of a group or society

well-being

a feeling of being comfortable, healthy, and happy

psychology

the study of of the mind and how it influences people’s behaviour

identify

determine, find out, decide

secure

assure, ensure, guarantee, warrant, protect

astonishingly

surprisingly, shockingly

crude

simple, basic, undeveloped

be oblivious to smt

be unaware of smt

philosophical literature

all the books, articles related to the study of the nature and meaning of existence, truth, good and evil etc

absence

lack, non-existence# presence

self-realisation

fulfillment of one's own potential

struggle to

to try hard to achieve smt, even though it is very difficult

reconcile smt with smt

find a way in which two ideas/situations can both be true or acceptable.

pursuit of smt

the act of trying to get or find something in a determined way

metaphysics

the part of philosophy that is concerned with trying to understand and describe the nature of truth, life, and reality

moral = ethical =

relating to the principles of what is right and wrong behaviour, and with the difference between good and evil

conviction

strong belief or opinion

illiterate

knowing little or nothing about a particular subject

reject

refuse, say no to #accept

outmoded

out of date, old-fashioned, outdated # fashionable, modern

irrelevant

not useful or not relating to a particular situation

reflection

thought, thinking, pondering

to date

up to now

inquiry

a question you ask in order to get information

virtue

good point, strong point, strength

lucid

clear, understandable # confusing

arresting

striking, noticeable, impressive

cult of smt

a fashionable belief, idea, or attitude that influences people’s lives

unforgeable

unable to imitate/copy (handwriting, a signature,...)

draw up a plan

to prepare a plan

provision

supply

celebrated

acclaimed, honoured, eminent, famous, renowned, well known

solitary

isolated, lonely, unreachable # accessible

confinement

imprisonment, captivity # liberty

visible

seeable, observable, noticeable, easily seen # invisible, hidden

adopt

choose, select # reject

pioneer of smt

someone who is important in the early development of something, and whose work or ideas are later developed by other people

pleasurable

pleasant, enjoyable, delightful, nice # unpleasant

sensation

feeling

quantify

to calculate the value of something and express it as a number or an amount

measure

calculate, estimate, count

pulse rate

the number of heart beats per minute

inner

internal, interior, inside, innermost # external, outer

set the stage for smt

to prepare for something or make something possible

entangle

involve smb/smt in a difficult or complicated situation

capitalism

an economic and political system in which businesses belong mostly to private owners, not to the government.

shape

form, build

be integral to smt

essential, vital, indispensable, necessary

redefine

to change the nature or limits of something; to make people consider something in a new way

malady

a serious problem in society

objectively

if you do something objectively, you try to do it based on the facts, and not be influenced by your own feelings or opinions

manipulate

control

confine smt to smt

restrict = limit

reductive

crude = considering or presenting something in a simple way, especially a way that is too simple

minimum

lowest level # maximum

purse

wallet

desirable

attractive, valuable # undesirable

ever-increasing

increasing all the time

motivate sb to do smt

inspire, encourage, stimulate

pedigree

background = the history and achievements of something or someone, especially when they are good and should be admired