Obstructive lung disease: COPD

COPD, asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Sleep disordered breathing, cystic fibrosis

Obstructive diseases examples

Asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, brochiectasis

Under the COPD umbrella

obstructive disease

air is trapped in lungs, CO2 stays in the body

functional residual capacity, residual volume, expiratory reserve volumn.

Is increased with obstructive disease

expiratory flow rates

in decreased with obstructive disease

smoking

most common cause of COPD

men

Are more affected by COPD

women

incidence of COPD is increasing in this population because of smoking

15%

percentage of smokers who get COPD

COPD

the most common pulmonary disease

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

what does COPD stand for

chronic obstructive lung disease

COPD is also called

smoking

major cause of emphysema and chronic bronchitis

chronic bronchitis, emphysema

these two disease associated with COPD often occur together because of smoking

spirometry

most basic and frequently performed test for pulmonary function

environmental irritants

COPD is almost always caused by exposure to this this

improve oxygenation, decrease CO2 retention

Goal for treating COPD

no

Is there a cure for COPD?

yes

Is COPD largely preventable?

dyspnea

most characteristic symptom of COPD

hypoxemia

What would arterial blood gases reflect in early COPD

hypercapnea

What would arterial blood gases reflect as COPD progresses?

F

(T/F) Smoking alone is predictive for the development of COPD

BODE

prognostic indicator of mortality risk in COPD pt.s

right ventricular hypertrophy (cor pulmonale)

Happen to the heart in progression of COPD

hyperinflation

abnormal increase in the amount of air within the lung tissue at the end of tidal exhalation

hyperinflation

can be defined as increased FRC

pulmonary hypertension

result of hypoxemia: causes right ventricular hypertrophy

right ventricle and ventilation muscles

What could atrophy as result of COPD?

diaphragm

hyperinflation will not allow this muscle to return to its dome shape upon exhalation

barrel-chest

a physical sign of progressed COPD: enlargement of thorax

barrel-chest

result of hyperinflation and loss of lung elastic recoil properties

wheezing and crackeling

breath sounds of people with COPD

cyanosis, digital clubbing, hypercapnea

occur in advanced stage of COPD

COPD

airflow limitation caused by chronic inflammation of small airways in response to irritants

pursed lip breathing

slows respiratory rate and prevents airways collapse during exhalation

heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, oximetry

Vital signs monitored in COPD pt.s

ACTs, exercise, smoking ceasation, weight control and nutrition education, psychosocial support, life style modifications

rehab interventions for COPD includes:

breathing exercise, postural drainage, improving posture, strengthening respiratory muscles, physical training

included in the treatment of COPD

sedementary

poeple with COPD adopt this life style, adversly impacting exercise capacity

distal

which is stronger in COPD patients: proximal or distal UE strength?

pacing and energy conxervation, effective coughing and pursed lip breathng

things a PTA should help a COPD pt. with

endurence

how are peripheral muscles effected in COPD: strength or endurence wise?

progressively increased walking

most common LE exercise for poeple with COPD

F

(T/F) It is absolutely necessary for COPD pt.s to make gains in exercise endurance.

aerobic fitness

high intensity short term training improves this for COPD patients

7 week

Which is more helpful for a COPD pt: a 4 week program of 7 week program?

blood pressure

should be checked before exercise at rest and after exercise

supplemental oxygen

upward adjustment of this should be monitored carefully

atelectasis

fluid in lungs or lung consolidation or lung collapse

atelectasis

earliest sign of this is when whispered words are heard perfectly clea