the indian ocean trade network, explained 2.3 heimler

collapse of the mongol empire (causes of expansion)

declined in the 14th century, increased emphasis on maritime trade (being that mongol had control of the silk roads)

innovations in commercial practices (causes of expansion)

money economies and credit systems facilitated trade by making transactions easier

astrolabe

tool used to measure stars, made navigation more efficient

lateen sail

allowed ships to take wind in almost any direction

magnetic compass

Chinese invention that aided navigation by showing which direction was north

knowledge of monsoon winds

it made it easier to direct trade- Allowed Indian traders to sail to Southeast Asian countries during the northeast monsoon (trade wind) and return during the southwest monsoon.

chinese junks and dhow ships

enabled merchants to transport goods in large amounts

What were the Swahili City-States known for?

The Swahili City-States were known for being key trading hubs along the east coast of Africa.

Which regions did the Swahili City-States engage in trade with?

The Swahili City-States engaged in trade with merchants from the Arabian Peninsula, Persia, India, and beyond.

What were some of the commodities imported by the Swahili City-States?

The Swahili City-States imported commodities such as gold, ivory, and enslaved individuals from the interior regions of Africa.

How did the Swahili City-States benefit economically?

The Swahili City-States benefited economically from their involvement in the Indian Ocean trade, leading to the accumulation of wealth.

What characterized the unique Swahili culture?

The unique Swahili culture was characterized by a blend of African and Islamic elements resulting from diverse cultural influences.

What was Malacca's strategic advantage as a trading city?

Situated at the narrowest point of the Strait of Malacca

How did Malacca benefit from controlling the maritime trade passing through the strait?

Generated substantial revenue for the city

What made Malacca a culturally diverse city?

Attracted merchants from China, India, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia

What was Malacca's role as a transshipment center?

Goods were unloaded from larger ships and transferred to smaller vessels for distribution

How did Malacca's economic dominance contribute to its influence in Southeast Asia?

Established diplomatic relations with neighboring states and expanded influence across maritime Southeast Asia

Where is Gujarat located?

On the western coast of India

What made Gujarat a vital trading center?

Its extensive coastline and proximity to important trade routes

Which ports in Gujarat attracted merchants?

Surat and Cambay

What goods were exchanged in Gujarat's trade?

Cotton textiles, indigo, spices, and precious stones

What did Gujarat trade these goods for?

Gold, silver, and other commodities

What fueled the growth of urban centers in Gujarat?

Gujarat's prosperity

What facilitated commercial transactions in Gujarat?

Trade guilds

What were Diaspora communities in the Indian Ocean region comprised of?

Merchants from China, Arabia, and Persia

What did Diaspora communities contribute to the Indian Ocean region?

Exchange of ideas, languages, and technologies

Which Chinese admiral exemplified cultural and technological exchanges in the Indian Ocean region?

Admiral Zheng He

What technology did Admiral Zheng He bring to regions around the Indian Ocean?

Gunpowder cannons

How did the adoption of gunpowder cannons impact the Indian Ocean region?

Illustrated the profound impact of cultural and technological transfers facilitated by trade