Apush Unit 6 review questions

What year did the federal government begin to encourage western settlement?

1862

What was the first western settlement encouragement by the federal government?

homestead act

what was the homestead act?

gave land to farmers moving west if the commit to staying there

When was the transcontinental railroad completed?

May 10th, 1869

what was the biggest accomplishment of the completion of the transcontinental railroad?

transportation from east to south

What was the victory the native Americans won in the west?

battle of little bighorn

What was the purpose of the Dawes Act of 1887?

A congressional act that took the tribal land and reservations was TAKEN AWAY from native americans to get native americans to ASSIMILATE into american culture

On December 29, 1890, five hundred troops of the U.S. 7th Cavalry, surrounded an encampment of Lakota Sioux with orders to disarm the Indians and escort them back to the railroad for transport to Omaha, Nebraska. Shooting broke out near the end of the disarmament, and by the time it was over, twenty-five troopers and one hundred and fifty-three Lakota Sioux lay dead, including sixty-two women and small children. Many of the dead on both sides may have been the victims of "friendly fire" as the shooting took place at point blank range in chaotic conditions. The massacre was the final major confrontation between Native Americans and white men on the Northern Plains. What was this battle called??

Battle of Wounded Knee (1890)

What is another name for the Battle of Wounded Knee?

Massacre of Wounded knee

Who created the term the Gilded Age?

Mark twain

Why was the Gilded Age called the Gilded Age?

Because on the outside it was very golden with new advancements in technology and innovation but on the inside was dark and gloomy with all the social issues and conflicts.

What political party was in charge during this time and what was their belief?

republican, laissez fairre; believe in LIMITED government intervention

what was the group of republicans that left the corruption to join the democrats called? (they actually return later)

mugwamps

who was the most corrupt politician and what was he known for?

democrat william boss tweed; stole millions from the new york taxpayers; TAMMANY HALL

who created many political cartons depicting boss tweed being greedy?

thomas nast

how did the republicans urge the people to not vote democrat?

they waved "bloody shirts" to remind the Americans the democrats started the civil war.

what aspects of the gilded age were golden?

industry, railroads, large interest in corporations and businesses, mass production and more workers, and communication improvements.

What was the Morill Land Grant Act?

It allocated plots of land reserved for education in the west to encourage settlement.

Who was john Rocketfeller?

the man who owned 90% of the oil industry through HORIZONTAL integration. Caused many smaller businesses to close down bc he had a monopoly.

Andrew Carnegie

A Scottish-born American industrialist and philanthropist who founded the Carnegie Steel Company in 1892. By 1901, his company dominated the American steel industry.he achieved this through vertical integration

Vertical Integration

Practice where a SINGLE entity controls the entire process of a product, from the raw materials to distribution

Horizontal Integration

Type of monopoly where a company buys out all of its competition. Ex. Rockefeller

What was Social Darwinism?

Applying Darwin's theory of survival of the fittest to society. An excuse for the rich to stay rich and the poor to stay poor without anyone helping.

What was the Plessy vs. Ferguson case?

It set up a doctrine of separate but equal. It led to "legal discrimination" in the form for segregation.

What were Jim Crow laws?

They were laws that enforced the strict separation of the races in the south.

Booker T. Washington

African American progressive who supported segregation and demanded that African American better themselves individually to achieve equality.

W.E.B. DuBois

Co-founded the NAACP to help secure legal equality for minority citizens. known for niagra movement

The Knights of Labor were a union formed in 1869 open to both unskilled and skilled, immigrant, African American, and women laborers. it was one of the first organizations to lobby for which cause?

the eight hour work day; they wanted workers not capitalists to own the industries in which they labored.

What does this image say about the Gilded Age?

the wealthy of a few was achieved at the expense of Many impoverished workers

financial crisis like the PANIC of 1873 which caused prices of agricultural products to tank led to....

farmers and sharecroppers organizing activists groups to protect their interest.

the violence at the haymarket square riot in chicago led to

a growing distrust in union especially the inclusive knights of labor and the eventual shutdown of that organization.

Social Darwins took up Darwin's language of evolution and natural selection to explain what?

to claim that poor people and non-whites were less evolved than the rich.

How did the american federation of labor, the union group that gained population after the failed knights of labor, differ from that organization?

they organized by craft; skilled workers performing the same trade branded them together.

boss tweed, and the corrupt democrat party operation he ran at tammany hall, is a prime example of

19th century machine politics; provided immigrants jobs or cash in exchange for votes

In the Homestead Strike of 1892, the manager of Homestead Steelworks locked union steelworkers out of his plant. As a result, the union workers went on strike. A gun battle ensued between the union members and a group of armed men Homestead had hired. The dispute was ultimately resolved when 6,000 state troops reopened the plant. what was the reason for this dispute in the first place?

Big businesses like homestead were anti-union but unions served to protect the rights of workers.

During Reconstruction, about how many African Americans held government jobs

2,000

in 1974, Henry Grady proposed an economic plan which he called the new south suggesting.....

that the south abandon its agrarian economy for a modern economy grounded in factories, mines, and mills.

how did the battle of little bighorn go for the US Army?

every white man including the general george custer was killed.

what did James Marshall discover in California in 1848?

Gold (gold rush of '49)

what did Indian reservation mainly meant to accompish?

they kept native americans off of land white americans wanted to settle

what did the native americans hope would be achieved through the ghost dance?

buffalo would return, white settlers would leave, and the spirits of the dead would rise to help combat.

the goal of the populists party, an agrarian-based organization, was to....

fight for farmers' rights and against the monopolies of big businesses and banks

andrew johnson, who ascended to the presidency after the assasination of lincoln treated southern states...

leniently, he pardoned many former confederates and had their land restored, and he put a premium on state's rights.

During reconstruction the derogatory term scalawag was applied to...

white republicans who sympathized with african americans in the south

the fifteenth ammendment extended the right to vote to

african american men

what were the force acts of 1870 meant to accomplish?

intended to force the south to comply with the equal protection clause of the fourteenth ammendment.

those farmers who were succesful on the great plains...

relied on the assistance of other settlers around them

exodusters were

Southern blacks who went west to settle

the dawes act

tried to turn native americans into farmers who would farm their own individual plots only

the organization that expressed the views of farmers to the largest national audience was the

populists party

the turner thesis

noted the impact of western expansion on the American character

what to FEDERAL GOV. ACTS encouraged thousands to go west

homestead act and morill land grant act

in the 1860s what method of farming became popular

bonanza farming.

where did women first receive the right to vote?

western states

what two job fields attracted settlers to the west

mining and lumbering

Taylorism was intended to:

create a speedy, efficient production system resulting in the loss of many jobs when tasks were combined and the development of the assembly line.

what group of people became a source of industrial workers?

immigrants, women and children

what outlawed collusion between businesses that hurt consumers?

the ICC aka the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887

Interstate Commerce Act

1887 law passed to regulate railroad and other interstate businesses

the practices championed by Frederick W. taylor that were championed by many factory owners of the era...

emphasized the need to greater efficiency in factory operations

why did many citizens become involved in politics?

entertainment, strength of the parties was the same, and newspapers made people aware of politics.

an analysis of the march on washington by coxey's army in 1894 demonstrates that...

the policies dealing with depression in the 1890s were similar to herbert Hoover's from 1929-1932

most factories in the gilded age had switched from water power to...

steam power

many workers lived..

near the factories or places they worked in the center of the city.

did the standard of living go up for the working class?

no, because while wages went up, the cost of living also did.

what was Nast's perspective in his under the thumb cartoon?

tammany hall boss william tweed wields too much power in new york city

urban politics machines like tammany hall derived most of their support from who?

immigrants and lower class voters bc they paid them off with jobs and money in exchange for votes.

what movement in the 1890s sought to reform the political, social, and economic issues

progressive movement

what is a unique quality of the progressives different from the populists?

they were moralists from different party with no set goal or leader.

what is the difference between a progressive and a socialists?

progressives wanted regulation and socialists wanted government ownership

progressives led reforms in...

government efficiency like in Cleveland, health and safety conditions in large factories, an the federal government began to collect a national income tax

theodore rossevelt ran for president because....

the taft administration decided to apply the sherman antitrust act to united states steel

What was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?

Made illegal any monopoly that was in restraint of trade in interstate commerce.

what advancements did the african american community make during the wilson administration?

the film birth of a nation represented a positive view of black people in reconstructive states, blacks and progressives formed bonds and battled for many of the same causes, booker t. washington and theodore rossevelt developed close political ties

what were progressives and socialists both critical of?

capitalism and the massive inequality they thought it created.

would a large stockholder in united states steel be a progressive?

most likely not because progressives were the ones calling fore reforms to the same business this stockholder probably owns.

what was the perspective of Jane Addams in her reflection of the Hull house?

poor people need the support in helping themselves.

settlement houses like hull house expressed a desire of reformers to do which of the following?

improve conditions in urban neighborhoods

a settlement house worker was most likely to be motivted by...

the social gospel because it taught the Christians to battle injustices like the ones they were facing

the perspective of Jane Addams and the hull house would most directly support what political goal...

greater rights for unions

william buffalo bill cody won his nickname for his skills as a frontier scout and buffalo hunter. the dissapearence of the buffalo herds led to which of the following?

the destruction of the plains indians way of life

the economic significance of the cowboys that cody celebrated in his show was

driving herds of cattle to depots where they were shipped to meatpackers in the east

buffalo bill's wild west show celebrated a growing nostalgia for...

the rapidly disappearing frontier

buffalo bill's wild west show was a popular example of....

new forms of entertainment for the urban masses

what perspective did jacob riis capture in his novel how the other half lives?

a progressive

the situation faced by many young women in jacob riis's excerpt most directly compares to,....

detroit workers in the 1930s

concerns like those of jacob riis led most directly to which of the following?

laws regulating the working conditions of women

riis' work as an investigator into the lives of the poor is similar to...

the muckrackers

was is the best expression of the attached cartoon?

the government is not adequately protecting freed slaves

the situation in the cartoon most directly resulted in...

the Plessy vs. Ferguson supreme court decision

the southerners in the cartoon above wanted a UNION characterized by...

sovereignty centered in the states

the ideas of the cartoon can be most directly compared to what future event?

debates over civil rights.