History - Reconstruction + Westward Expansion

Jim Crow laws

Laws used mainly in the south to segregate and divide people of color. Education, streetcars, poll taxes, intermarriage, restrooms, parks, and railroads.

Reconstruction

An era in which the North and South came together

Breaking point of the North and South

Abraham Lincolns election

Who was Jefferson Davis?

Elected CSA’s president (southern president during the civil war)

Who was Alexander Stephens?

VP for CSA

What was the Emancipation Proclamation?

Lincoln said slaves in the “rebelious” states were free. It also changed the war goal from regaining the Union to abolition of slavery, and allowed African Americans into the US’s armed forces.

Minimum Policy

Restore the union quickly, end slavery but give slaves no citizenship and no rights.

Radical policy

Anybody in the CSA must be removed from power when they return and slaves have citizenship including the right to vote.

What flag is this?

Flag for slavery.

Who is Andrew Johnson

Lincolns VP (with the intention of gaining southern democrats) and future president. He was jealous of plantation owners, and did not keep many of Lincolns policy’s once he died. He was anti-black, pulling black republicans to replace with southern democrats and often pardoning planters.

John Wilkes Booth

Shot lincoln in the theater booth saying “death to all traitors”. Was found dead in a barn after shots were heard soon after.

Freedmen’s Bureau

One policy Johnson kept, allowed ex-slaves to get education, rations, clothing, medicare, laborer contracts etc. It also arrested any non-working ex-slaves, ended up being kind of threatening in the end.

Share cropping

1. Slaves get a labor contract (often with previous owners) do all the work. The owners take the crops to market and lie about the amount made to give the ex-slave less money.

2. Used company credit to force ex-slaves to go into debt and trapped them in the south.

Carpet baggers

Northerners who came to the south for political/economic reasons. Often ex-union soldiers hoping to cheaply buy land off southerners who couldn’t pay the taxes.

Where is all the money?

The North, the south is very poor.

Louisiana constitutional convention

Forced states to rewrite their constititutions with no slavery permitted.

Oscar Dunn

First Black Luetenant Governer

PBS Pinchback

Born to a slave and slave owner, became the Louisiana governor.

thirteenth Amendment

Prohibits slavery - Lincolns amendement

Fourteenth amendment

Citizenship and protections to former slaves

fifteenth amendment

African American MEN can vote.

Enforcing these new laws in the south was…

very hard. only a few thousand troops were in the south and the southerners were very angry.

KKK or the Ku Klux Klan

Started as a private veterans club for southern soldiers, became a anti-black hate group and secret society.

Civil Rights act 1875

Last major Reconstruction statute, affirmed equality of all men before the law, and prohibited public descrimination. - was ruled unconstitutional due to Congress deciding they had no right over private person or corporations.

Rutherford B. Hayes

Almost wasn’t president, the southerners votes couldn’t be counted because many were interffering with black votes. So, the southerners said they would accept Hayes, but the northern troops had to go home and Reconstruction had to end.

Why did Westward Expansion happen?

The Gold Rush, Lots of land to be had, the population kept growing.

Homestead Acts

1. Federal government gave away 270 million acres of land

2. land races with a $10 registrations fee, you had to live there and cultivate the land, but it was extremely cheap.

3-cattle bonanza

open range cattle ranches dominated after the war and offered huge profits. People had to buy cheap cattle in Texas, the drive them to Chicago (not in a car) to slaughter them there and make profits.

Indian reservations

When indians were forced west they were promised that they could keep that land but soon were forced ever further west under the justification of God.