UNIT 2 AP GOV

Interactions Among Branches

Article I of Constitution

Legislative Branch: N+P Clause, commerce clause, bicameral legislature

17th Amendment

direct election of Senators

Enumerated Powers

section VIII of article I: power to pass a federal budget, power to raise revenue, power to coin money, power to declare war, power to raise and maintain armed forces

Implied Powers

anything deemed necessary and proper

How does a bill become a law?

member of Congress sponsors bill, bill is debated and changes are made, bill is assigned to a committee for further debate and changes, bill goes back to the floor for a vote

How much of Senate is voted out and how often?

1/3 voted out every 2 years

Leader of House

Speaker of House, works with both parties and sets agenda

Leader of Senate

Vice President and President Pro Tempore when VP is away, only there to break ties really

Majority/Minority Leaders

In house: guide their party members

In senate: set agenda

Ways and Means Committee

oversees taxation and revenue-raising measures, shapes economic policy

Joint Committees

both house and senate serve on them

House Rules Committee

determines rules of house debate: open means amendments can be added to bills, closed means no amendments

Committee of the Whole

ALL reps serve, considers measures on the Union Calendar, expedites bills

Discharge Petition

bring a bill out of committees and onto the floor

Unanimous Consent

agreement on the rules of debate for a law, members must approve before they vote

Filibuster and Cloture

filibuster: tactic to delay a vote on a bill and tie up the work

cloture: sixty votes to end a filibuster

Sponsoring a Bill

Pork Barrel Spending

Logrolling

Debt Spending

Senate/House Majority/Minority Whips

Baker v. Carr

Gerrymandering

Swing Districts

Safe Districts

Shaw v. Reno

Policy Agenda

Article II of Constitution

Formal Powers

commander in chief, veto, pocket veto

Informal Powers

executive orders, executive agreements, signing statements

Presidential Nominations

Presidential Cabinet

15 departments

Senate Standoffs

Borking

Judicial Appointments

How has Andrew Jackson interpreted and explained his use of power?

How has Abraham Lincoln interpreted and explained his use of power?

How has Theodore Roosevelt interpreted and explained his use of power?

How has Woodrow Wilson interpreted and explained his use of power?

How has FDR interpreted and explained his use of power?

War Powers Act

22nd Amendment

Federalist 70

State of the Union Address

Presidents Using the Media

Three Level System of Judicial Branch

District courts, courts of appeal, US Senate

Article III of Constitution

Judge’s Terms

Federalist 78

Original Jurisdiction

Appellate Jurisdiction

Marbury v. Madison

Stare Decisis

How does ideology apply to the court?

How does John G Roberts demonstrate ideology?

Implementation

Petition for Certiorari

Judicial Activism

Judicial Restraint

Advice and Consent - Senate

Presidential Confirmation

Interaction with Interest Groups

Litigation

Justice Department

led by President,

Impeachment

Jurisdiction

defined by Congress

Cabinet Departments

Federal Agency

Writing and Enforcing Regulations

Enforcement Fines

Compliance Monitoring

Testifying before Congress

Iron Triangle

Issue Networks

Civil Service Reform Act 1978

Delegated Discretionary Authority

Congress gives the bureaucracy power to enforce law and make choices based on established laws and policies

Rulemaking Process

Congressional Oversight

Committee Hearings

Authorization of Spending

Spending Appropriations

Compliance Monitoring

Who helps with bureaucratic policy enforcement?

the courts