Core 2

ls

Command for listing directory contents

pwd

Command for showing current directory paths

mv

Command for moving a file or directory

cp

Command for copying a file or directory

rm

Command for removing a file or directory

apt-get

Command for installing software on Ubuntu/Debian

nano

Text editor command

Samba

A suite of applications that implement SMB

chmod

Command for changing permissions

/etc/passwd

Linux config file for user account info

/etc/shadow

Linux config file for passwords

/etc/fstab

Linux config file for file system and disk partitions at boot

/etc/hosts

Linux config file for mapping IP addresses to hostnames locally

/etc/resolv.conf

Linux config file that specifies the IP address of the DNS servers that the system uses to resolve domain names

chown

Command for changing file owner and group

mount

Command to attach filesystems to the linux directory tree, making it accessible to users and applications

fsck

Command to scan a file for inconsistencies, then repairs

find

command to find filepaths

grep

command to search for characters to display every word that includes them

df

Command to display total space and available space on a file system

du

Command to summarise disk usage

ps

Command to show summary of running processes

top

Command to show running processes, memory, and disk usage

dig

Command to show info about DNS records of a domain

vi

Command to create a text editor

Task manager

Windows - Monitors the computer’s key resources

Device manager

Windows - For troubleshooting system hardware, components, and peripherals

ipconfig

Windows - Command for networking information

sfc

Windows - Command for system repairs

OST file

A local data file for Outlook that stores a synchronised copy of your mailbox info

diskpart

Windows - Command for disk partitioning

chkdsk

Windows - Command for disk checking

cd

Windows - command for showing/changing directory

dir

Windows - command for displaying a directory’s files and subdirectories

md

Windows - command for making a new directory

netstat

Windows - command for showing current TCP connections and troubleshoot network issues

nslookup

Windows - command for diagnosing DNS infrastructure

chkdsk

Windows - command for disk troubleshooting

net user

Windows - command for managing user accounts

net use

Windows - command for showing network connections

tracert

Windows - command that maps the exact path that data packets take

copy

Windows - command for copying only the files in a single folder

xcopy

Windows - command for copying a folder and all subdirectories

robocopy

Windows - command for copy larger folders, and can log during copying

RADIUS

Protocol used to authenticate users, authorised services, and account for service usage

TACACS+

Proprietary, more reliable TCP version of RADIUS

WEP and WPA

Deprecated wireless encryption - using tkip

Wifi protected access 2

Gold standard for wireless encryption - uses AES

Wifi protected access 3

Newer wireless encryption method - using AES-GCMP and SAE

DAC

Role-based access - determined by owner

MAC

Role-based access - computer system decides access

Zero-trust

All users needing to be authorised before being granted access

DLP

System that detects and prevents unauthorised data transfers

Boot sector virus

Virus located in the first sector of a hard drive and loads into memory at startup

Macros

Code that embeds a virus in a document

Multipartite

Combination of a boot sector and program virus

Polymorphic virus

Virus that changes code each execution

Metamorphic

Virus that changes code before infection

Stealth virus

Virus that can evade antivirus protection

Armoured viruses

A protective layer to confuse an antivirus

Hoax

A way to trick users to install a virus themselves

XSS

An attacker embedding malicious commands on a trusted website