Chapter 10: Emotion & Motivation - PSYCH Study Help

The idea that people want their relationships with others to be friendly and peaceful is called…

balance theory

According balance theory, in a group of three people (triad), the relationships are balanced if everyone ______ each other or if two people ______ each other but both like the third person.

like; dislike

What are the theories of emotion?

Cannon-Bard theory, James-Lange theory, two-factor theory

Which emotional theory says we feel emotions through both our brain & body reacting at the same time?

Cannon-Bard theory

________ is the unpleasant feeling of being aware of holding two conflicting beliefs or a belief that conflicts with a behavior

cognitive dissonance

What am I describing here:

• important beliefs that guide what people think is right and meaningful

• influence how people feel & act, especially when these beliefs are challenged

core values

Rules learned through socialization that tell us which emotions are appropriate in different situations are called…

display rules

A _______ is a feeling that makes you want to do something to meet a need by creating arousal.

drive

What is emotion?

an immediate, specific negative or positive responsed caused by environmental events/internal thoughts

_______ motivation is doing something for a reward or to avoid punishment from outside yourself.

extrinsic

________ motivation is doing something because you enjoy it or find it valuable, rather than for an external goal or purpose.

intrinsic

The tendency for bodily functions to maintain equilibrium or balance is called…

homeostasis

_________ is the feelings that people want to have or that cultures especially value.

ideal affect

_______ are things outside of you that pull you to do something.

incentives

Which emotional theory says we feel emotions because we notice how our body reacts to things first?

James-Lange theory

Which emotional theory says we feel emotions by noticing our body's arousal & then giving it a name?

two-factor theory

According to Yerkes-Dodson law, performance on challenging tasks increases with arousal up to a ______ level. After that, additional arousal ______ performance.

moderate; impairs

_______ is what gives you energy & direction to keep working toward a goal.

motivation

Need is…

a state of biological, social, or psychological deficiency

Maslow’s idea that people must meet basic survival needs before focusing on satisfying higher needs is called the…

need hierarchy

The natural desire  for interpersonal attachments because they help us survive & feel safe is the…

need to belong

________ are inherent emotions that are universal & stemmed from evolution

primary emotions

_______ emotions are blends of _______ emotions.

secondary; primary

When one's personal dreams & aspirations have been attained that’s…

self-actualization

Self-affirmation is…

the need for a sense of self that is coherent & stable

The belief that efforts toward a goal will result in success is…

self-efficacy

Self-regulation is…

the process by which people direct their behavior toward the attainment of goals

Students enrolled in a difficult class are preparing to give end-of-term presentations that will significantly impact final grades. According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, who is likely to perform the best?

Sonya, who is moderately anxious about the presentation and continues to review her slides and practice her talk until presentation day

What is NOT one of the motivational human values proposed by self-determination theory?

benevolence

How would the circumplex model of classifying emotions describe anxiety?

negative valence & high arousal

Identify each of the phenomena as a need or a drive.

1. food

2. hunger 

3. thirst 

4. water

5. oxygen

6. social connection

Needs: food, water, oxygen, social connection; Drives: hunger, thirst

According to the research, which person is most likely to set challenging but attainable goals for themselves?

a person high in self-efficacy & high in achievement motivation

Attending an entertaining concert is an example of _______ motivation. Wearing earplugs to protect your hearing is an example of _______ motivation.

approach; avoidance

Albert dislikes Benicio but likes Carmen. Carmen and Benicio are good friends. According to balance theory, how is Albert most likely to react?

Albert will either come to like Benicio or convince Carmen that Benicio is unlikable.

Andrea is a runner who suffered a devastating injury to her knee. She persevered through a long rehabilitation process to return to running and complete an ultramarathon. Which motivational concept best describes her perseverance?

grit

Which statement is accurate regarding the amygdala's involvement in emotion?

All of the above are true.