lab quiz 4 fungi

Penicillium

 Ascomyota

conidia

asexual, unicellular spores dispersed by air for reproduction

condiophores

specialized, often branched aerial hyphae that produce asexual spores called conidia in a distinctive brush-like structure

Ascomycota

phylum of ‘sac’ fungi

produces asci, ascospore, and ascocarp

asci

microscopic, sac-like cells that serve as the primary sexual reproductive structure

where sexual spores, called ascospores, are formed through a process of nuclear fusion (karyogamy) and meiosis.

ascospore

the sexual spore formed inside an ascus, a sac-like cell

ascocarp

The sexual fruiting body (sporocarp) of an ascomycete fungus, consisting of dense asci. These structures produce ascospores to disperse

the complex, visible fruiting body that houses and protects these asci. Think of the ascocarp as the "fruit" (like a cup fungus) and the asci as the "seeds" inside it.

ascospores in asci

Basidiomycota

phylum of fungi that are clubbed shaped

produces basidiocarp, basidia, basidiospores, pileus, stipe.

basidiocarp

the multicellular fruiting body of a basidiomycete fungus that supports the spore-producing hymenium

basidia

microscopic, club-shaped reproductive structures on basidiomycete fungi that produce sexual spores

located on gills

, basidiospores

sexual reproductive spores

, pileus

the cap of a mushroom (the fruiting body of a fungus)

representing the top, umbrella-shaped portion

, stipe.

the stalk of the blasdiocarp

crustose lichen

flat, crust-like organisms that adhere tightly to substrates like rocks, tree bark, or soil, appearing almost two-dimensional

symbiois of cyanobacteria and fungi

foliose lichen

lichen with flat, leaf-like lobes, which are generally not firmly bonded to the substrate on which it grows

fruticose lichen

a 3D, shrubby, or pendulous lichen form resembling tiny bushes, hair, or cups, often found hanging from trees or growing on soil and rocks

Mucoromycota

fast-growing, filamentous fungi

includes while mold and Rhizopus

mold model sporangia

structures that produce asexual spores

mold model zygosporangia

produced through sexual reproduction.

They are thick-walled, dormant structures formed when hyphae of opposite mating types (+ and -) fuse.

Rhizopus sporangia

asexual reproductive structures

produce numerous haploid sporangiospores through mitosis, which are released to rapidly colonize new environments

Rhizopus zygosporangia

result of sexual reproduction, forming as thick-walled, dormant, and hardy structures.

They arise when hyphae of compatible mating types (labeled and ) meet and undergo plasmogamy (fusion of cells) followed by karyogamy (fusion of nuclei)