Role of Soil Biodiversity in Food Production and Climate Change Mitigation

A collection of vocabulary flashcards to review key concepts related to soil biodiversity and its importance in ecosystems, food production, and climate change mitigation.

Soil Biodiversity

The variety of life belowground, including genes and species, their communities, and ecological complexes.

Microflora

Bacteria and archaea, along with algae and fungi, that are part of soil ecosystems.

Macroflora

Plant roots that play a significant role in soil ecosystems.

Microfauna

Small soil organisms like protozoa, small nematodes, and small arthropods.

Mesofauna

Metazoans typically between 0.1 and 2 mm in size, including larger predatory and omnivorous nematodes.

Macrofauna

Metazoan invertebrates and chordates larger than 2 mm, playing significant roles in soil health.

Decomposition

The process through which soil organisms break down organic materials, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.

Nutrient Cycling

The movement and exchange of organic and inorganic matter back into the production of living matter in ecosystems.

Mycorrhizal Association

A symbiotic relationship between fungi and plant roots, essential for nutrient uptake.

Bioremediation

The use of living organisms, like microbes, to remove or neutralize contaminants from soil.

Earthworms

Soil macrofauna that improve soil fertility and structure through their burrowing and feeding activities.

Soil Structure

The arrangement of soil particles and the pores between them, influencing water flow and root penetration.

Soil Pore Creation

The process by which burrowing organisms create spaces in the soil to improve aeration and drainage.

Healthy Soil

Soil that provides essential ecosystem services, supporting plant growth, filtering water, and controlling pests.

Biodiversity and Food Security

The role of diverse soil organisms in enhancing agricultural production and ensuring food safety.

Ecosystem Services

Benefits people obtain from ecosystems, including soil health, nutrient cycling, and carbon sequestration.