Biological Sciences and Water Resources Review

Practice flashcards covering water resource conflicts, microbiology, cell biology, and genetics based on the lecture transcript.

Which countries are in conflict over the River Nile and the GERD dam?

Ethiopia and Egypt

Which three countries are involved in a conflict over water levels in the River Euphrates?

Turkey, Syria, and Iraq

Into how many parts is water use divided, including domestic, recreational, and hydro electricity?

$$4$$

What are the two factors mentioned that determine how a government divides water use in its water policy?

The state of the country and the population of the country

What is the term for members of a population becoming infected with bacterial infections that develop resistance to antibiotics?

Super bugs

By which estimated years will most antibiotics used by humans no longer be effective?

$2028$-$2030$

What example of a flesh eating bacteria is provided in the lecture notes?

Streptococcus

What are the microbes called that have adapted to high temperatures and can survive even if water is boiled?

Thermophiles

What is the collective name for organisms like E. coli when they leave the large intestine and cause severe infections?

Coliforms

How is Giardia contracted according to the transcript?

Swallowing untreated water from lakes and streams

Which river flows from St. Andrew into St. Mary?

Wag Water River

What are the four categories of macromolecules listed?

Protein, carbohydrates, fats and oils, and nucleic acids

What component of the cell membrane acts as a critical temperature buffer to maintain fluidity?

Cholesterol

How many steps are involved in the process of glycolysis?

$$10$$

In photosynthesis, what are the specific designations for the movement from photosynthesis $2$ to photosynthesis $1$?

$P680$ moving to $P700$

What are the three specific carbon fixation pathways or cycles mentioned under photosynthesis?

C3, C4, and CAM (Calvin cycle)

Define the processes of transcription and translation.

Transcription is the move from DNA to RNA; Translation is the move from RNA to protein

In biotechnology, what is the term for the circular genome of a bacteria cell?

Plasmid

How is insulin created using biotechnology according to the notes?

Genes from human beings are inserted into microbes