[LBBBIO8] Activity 8A

The Circulatory System

• Transport of respiratory gases, food materials, waste products, hormones, and minerals within the body

• Defense against foreign organisms

• Maintenance of body temperature in warm-blooded or homeothermic animals

Closed Circulatory System

• Blood is enclosed within blood vessels

• Vertebrates like toads

• Heart, arteries, arterioles, veins, venules, capillaries

Open Circulatory System

• Blood is mixed with interstitial fluid, hemolymph

• Arthropods

Arteries and Arterioles

• Convey blood from the heart to the smallest vessels

• Except for Pulmonary Artery

Pulmonary Artery

Delivers deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation

Venules and Veins

Deoxygenated body is collected from capillaries to them before it returns to the heart

Pulmonary Vein

Collects oxygenated blood from the lungs and back to the heart for distribution

Anterior Abdominal Vein

Dark blood vessel underneath the Linea Alba

Pericardial Membrane

Shiny membrane that envelops the heart, it’s a sac-like structure that has lubricating pericardial fluid

Pericardium

A thin transparent membrane covering the heart

Pericardial Cavity

Coelom/cavity where the heart is situated

Atria

Singular - atrium, two globular structures atop the ventricle

Ventricle

Most posterior conical structure of the heart

Conus Arteriosus

Cone-shaped tube arising from the ventricle on its ventral side

Sinus Venosus

Thin-walled triangular sac on the dorsal side of the heart and is continuous with the right atrium

Interatrial Septum

Separating the right from the left atrium

Atrioventricular Valves

Thin flaps between the atria and ventricle

Semilunar Valves

Flaps that open into conus arteriosus