funda midterm (PPTs)

- wife of jose rizal

- field hospital in an estate house

josephine bracken

Mother of the Philippine Revolution

Melchora Aquino

Development in American Colonial Rule led to the foundation of which hospital?

Iloilo Mission Hospital

This system laid the foundation upon which the first nursing school was buolt (whats the name?)

Union Mission Hospital Training School (now Central Philippine University CON); 1906

After being trained by Americans, what happened to Filipino nurses?

They became the perfect candidates to assist the US and other countries post World War II

Filipino nurses were entering the US by the thousands during which year?

the mid-1960's

1901

Iloilo Mission Hospital pioneered nursing

1907

- St. Paul's Hospital School of Nursing provided services and opened a training school for nurses in 1908

1907 (2)

Philippine General Hospital School of Nursing nursing under the Auspices of the Bureau of Education

1907 (3)

St. Luke's Hospital School of Nursing opened

1907 (4)

Mary Johnson Hospital and School of Nursing, course began with 3 Filipino young girls fresh from elementary school as their first students.

1946

UST CON

1947

MCU CON

1948

UP Manila CON

Allows the regulation of nursing practice that transpired during this period

Act No. 2493, amending Medical Law (Act No. 310)

In 1919 what law was enacted?

First True Nursing Law, enacted through Act 2008

What year was the first nursing board exam given?

1920

What years were the start of nursing practice?

1911-1921

Act to amend certain sections of Republic Act 1877 (Philippine Nursing Law)

RA 4704

"Philippine Nursing Act of 1991"

R.A. 7164

"Philippine Nursing Act of 2002."

R.A. 9173

What years was the degree of BSN established?

1941-1951

Her thesis focused on the development of a nursing education within a University-based College of Nursing

Julita V. Sotejo

When was PNA established? What was its former name?

1921,

Filipino Nurses Associaton

PNA 1st President

Rosario Degaldo

Founder of PNA

Anastacia Giron-Tupas

totality of socially transmitted patterns of thoughts, values, meanings, and beliefs (Purnell, 2005)

Health Beliefs Culture

It is not limited to any specific ethnic group, geographical area, language, religious belief, manner of clothing, sexual orientation, or socioeconomic status

Health Beliefs Culture

Why does the cultural background of Filipino nurses have a strong influence on their selection of nursing?

because caring for others is emphasized and valued, especially among females

They tend to eat the same food and mingle with individuals of the same ethnic background. Hence, the old health beliefs and practices continue.

CLOSE FAMILY TIES

Filipinos are generally quiet. Very conservative families do not allow their younger members to join the conversation of adults without an invitation

Interpersonal Relationships

Engaging in arguments, especially with someone who is older or holds an authority position, is considered uncivilized.

Interpersonal Relationships

Filipinos also have difficulty turning down requests from supervisors to whom they feel obligated.

Interpersonal Relationships

Filipino nurses find it uncomfortable to accept even a well-deserved compliment.

Modestry

Filipino nurses are less likely to use I to express what they have achieved.

Modesty

Sumpa and gaba

Curse

Pasma

hot and cold syndrome

namaligno

mystical and supernatural causes

kaloob ng diyos

god's will

12 R's/Right of Medication

PATIENT

MEDICATION

DOSE

ROUTE

TIME/FREQUENCY

DOCUMENTATION

REASON

ASSESSMENT

REFUSE

PATIENT EDUCATION

EVALUATION/RESPONSE

EXPIRATION DATE

Substance administered for the diagnosis, cure, treatment or relief of symptoms or for the prevention of the disease.

Medication

Written direction for the preparation and administration of a drug

PRESCRIPTION

• Name under which it medicine is listed in one of the official publications.

official name

Describes the constituents of the drug

Chemical Name

Name given by the drug manufacturer

Trademark/Brand Name

Every valid medication order should contain

Full name of the client

Date and time written

Medication name

Dosage/Strength

Route of administration

Frequency of administration

Prescriber's signature

When should u perform skin test?

when indicated according to institutional standards.

All allergies and sensitivities should be entered on:

Medication Administration Record (MAR)

Patient Allergy Profile

This always comes before administration

Assessment

Capsule-shaped

Coated

Easy to swallow

Caplet

Gelatin container

Holds powder, liquid, or oil

Capsule

Powder compressed into a hard disc

Tablet

Sugar solution

Masks unpleasant taste

Syrup

Dissolves slowly in the mouth

Lozenge

Drug mixed with cohesive material

Oval or round

Pill

Non-greasy

Semi-solid

Applied to skin

Cream

Semi-solid

Releases medication through skin

Ointment

Mixed with alcohol/oil/soap emollient

Applied to skin

Liniment

Drug absorbed through skin over time

Patch

Firm preparation inserted into body cavities

Suppository

Most common, convenient, safe, least expensive

Oral

Advantages of this route:

Direct absorption into blood vessels

More potent than oral route

Avoids first-pass metabolism

Sublingual Route

Medication:

Held against cheek mucosa

Allowed to dissolve

Buccal Route

Medication administered:

Into the eye

Forms:

Drops

Ointments

Optic Route

Medication instilled into:

External auditory canal (ear)

Optic Route

Medication administered as:

Spray

Drops

Nasal Route

Drug enters through:

Respiratory tract

Advantage:

Rapid localized relief

Inhalation

Parenteral Routes

ID-IM-SC-IV-IO-Intrathecal-Epidural-

Major Routes of Administration

Oral

Sublingual

Buccal

Ophthalmic

Otic

Nasal

Inhalation

Parenteral (ID, IM, SC, IV, Intrathecal, Epidural, IO)

Three-Point Checklist

1st Check: Remove medication → compare with MAR → expiration date

2nd Check: While preparing → compare with MAR

3rd Check: Before administration/returning → compare with MAR

standardized triangulation method used to firmly anchor flat sheets under the mattress to prevent skin wrinkles

Mitered Corner

grasping the top edges of the linen and folding them accordion style (6-8 inches) back to facilitate easy access or patient transfer

Fanfold

deliberate fold made in top linens to afford space for toes, avoiding plantar flexion restriction

Toe Pleat

curved frame designed to keep top sheets off legs/abdomen

Bed Cradle

Permanent contracture of the gastrocnemius muscle due to pressure

Foot Drop

meticulous patient positioning techniques to preserve skin integrity & personal dignity

Occupied BEd making

- hygienic/orderly

- flat/wrinkle free

Unoccupied

A standard hospital bed is divided into how many articulating sections?

3

What is the length and width of hospital bed?

L: 1.9m (6.5 ft)

W: 0.9m (3 ft)

What is the standard hospital bed height?

66 cm

- Fully prepared bed with sheets pulled to the head and tucked under pillow.

- Used for incoming/new patients.

Closed Bed

Top linens folded back for immediate access.

Ambulatory patients

Patients expected to return shortly

Open Bed

Modified open bed.

Linens folded to one side.

Allows rapid transfer from stretcher → bed

Post-operative/post-anesthesia patients

surgical/recovery bed

Redistributes pressure; immobile patients burns

Water Bed

Allows prone ↔ supine turning

Spinal injury

Stryker Wedge Frame

Continuous rotation

Burns, postural drainage

Rotation Bed

Variable pressure support

Pressure ulcer prevention

Air Therapy Bed

Occupied Bed Procedure

prepare & position

remove soiled linen (fanfold inward)

roll & pull

complete bed

Hospital-based

Heavy emphasis on clinical practice

Diploma Nursing

Types of Associate Degrees in Nursing

AN (Ass.)

ADN (Ass Degree)

ASN (Ass Science)

AASN (Ass Applied Science)

More comprehensive professional preparation

Usually 4 years

Baccalaureate Degree (BSN)

Prepares for:

Advanced practice

Leadership

Teaching

Management

Master's Degree

Focus:

Research

Academia

Nursing education

Doctorate

Education Hierarchy in Nursing

D → A → B → M → PhD → CE

(Diploma → Associate → Bachelor → Master → Doctorate → Continuing Education)

Founder of Modern Nursing

Florence Nightingale

American Red Cross

Clara Barton

Community Nursing

Lillian Wald

First formally trained American nurse

Linda Richards

Rural healthcare model

Mary Breckinridge

Crimean War nursing

Mary Seacole