Module 1.3: Memory, Storage, and Processing

Flashcards reviewing key concepts of memory, secondary storage, cloud computing, backup strategies, processing hardware, ad specs, and basic troubleshooting.

What is the primary function of RAM (primary memory) in a computer?

RAM holds the programs (instructions) and data that the computer is currently using.

Why is RAM classified as volatile memory?

RAM is volatile because it requires continuous electrical power to keep its contents; when power is lost, its contents are erased.

What are RAM modules called, and in what capacity range are they typically measured?

RAM modules are called DIMMs (Dual Inline Memory Modules), and they are measured in the low Gigabytes range from $8 - 128\,GB$.

How does secondary storage differ from primary memory regarding data retention?

Secondary storage is non-volatile, meaning it holds programs and data permanently even when the computer is switched off.

Why is magnetic hard drive storage slower than electronic Solid State Drive (SSD) storage?

Magnetic storage is slower because it relies on mechanical moving parts, whereas SSD storage is electronic.

What is the conversion factor between Terabytes and Gigabytes?

$$1\,TB = 1024\,GB$$

What is cloud storage, and under which software category does it fall?

Cloud storage refers to storage space allocated on an internet server, which falls under the SaaS (Software as a Service) category.

What are three advantages of using cloud storage?

Data can be accessed anytime and anywhere from any device, files can be easily shared with others, and the provider handles backups and security.

What are three disadvantages of cloud storage?

It requires reliable internet connectivity, high storage capacity can incur expensive subscription fees, and data is vulnerable to service downtime or hacking.

What does file syncing mean in cloud storage?

Syncing means files remain available offline on a device, accessible on other devices, and automatically updated everywhere when changes are made.

What two criteria matter most when choosing storage media for backups?

It must be easy to restore data from the media, and creating backups must be quick and easy to prevent people from postponing the task.

What are the three most popular backup strategies for individuals?

Using flash drives, using portable hard drives and SSDs, and using online backup services.

What is the main purpose of the motherboard in a computing device?

The motherboard is a large circuit board that all other hardware components plug into, allowing them to communicate with each other.

What does the CPU do, and how is its clock speed measured?

The CPU performs all processing in a computing device, and its speed is measured in gigahertz ($GHz$).

What do terms like dual core or quad core indicate about a CPU?

They indicate the number of physical CPUs (cores) present on the processor chip.

What is the function of ROM (Read Only Memory) chips on the motherboard?

ROM holds programs that control basic computer hardware and prepare the computer for use when it is switched on.

When interpreting computer advertisements, what do the terms DDR and HDD refer to?

DDR refers to system memory (RAM), while HDD (Hard Disk Drive) refers to secondary storage.

How do $2.5"$ external hard drives differ from $3.5"$ external hard drives regarding power source?

$2.5"$ drives get power directly from the USB port, while $3.5"$ drives require their own separate external power supply.

What is M.2 in motherboard specifications?

M.2 is a physical connection slot on the motherboard for SSDs that supports the fastest data transfer speeds.

How do integrated graphics and dedicated GPUs differ?

Integrated graphics has GPU circuitry built directly into the CPU and uses system RAM, whereas a separate GPU is a dedicated card with its own memory for heavy graphics work.

What are two software options to manage a computer when storage gets full?

Running disk cleanup software to remove unnecessary files, and using operating system compression to compress files in background folders.

What essential action should be taken before replacing or upgrading a primary storage device?

Back up your current storage device before replacing it so that you do not lose data.

What are the common causes of CPU and RAM troubleshooting issues?

CPU glitches are usually caused by overheating, while RAM glitches are typically caused by improper module insertion or cooling failures.