Genetics Final exam uber quizzes

chromosomal reciprocal translocations and inversions result in _____ % reduction in fertility for heterozygotes of the condition

50

Given the following sequence of genes on a chromosome, determine what change in chromosome structure occurred. Before: ABCDEFGH After: ABCDEF

Terminal deletion

The majority of aneuploid conditions, including sex chromosomes are lethal. TRUE or FALSE

False

Which of the following best desribes the mechanisms of DNA replication in which both an intact parental strand and intact daughter strand are combined following replication.

Semi-conservative

Nucleotide polymerases preferentially link phosphodiester bonds of the DNA or RNA molecule by ___ to ___ in a uni-directional fashion

5 P, 3 OH

Topoisomerase

Alleviates supercoiling

DNA ligase

Provides final phosphodiester bond, attaching adjacent okazaki fragments, forming an intact DNA strand

Telomerase

Extends the 3 end of telomers

Eukaryotes, due to genome size, have multiple origins of replication, true or false

true

the most significant reason eukaryotic genomes are not co-linear with their proteome is ____

intron removal and exon splicing

allolactose

inducer

CAP protein

trans-regulator

Regulation of gene expression usually occurs at which of the following levels

Transcriptional

Enzymes involved in anabolic metabolism are most likely regulated via_____

Negative feedback regulation

How many promoters are in a 3 gene operon

1

Typically involves a nucleotide chnage at the 3rd position

silent

Converts a leucine codon to an alanine codon

missense

which of the following is not an example of an induced mutation

DNA replication errors

Mutations, whether spontaneous or induced, are typically only problematic if they are not repaired before____

replication

Anticipation is most associated with which of the following?

TNRE mutations

An example of an ionizing mutagen is

X-ray

UV light damage is most associated with

Thymine dimers

Mutation hot spots are most typically the result of which of the following?

deamination of methylated cytosines

A translocation that moves a gene from an area of euchromatin to heterochromatin could possibly cause an _________ in the expression of the gene

reduction

Mismatch repair

Utilizes MutL,MutH and MutS proteins in E Coli

Direct repair

Photolysae mechanism

Base excision repair

uses enzymes called the DNA -N-glycisylases

which repair combination may lead to small deletions in chromosmes?

nonhomologous end joining

error prone replication is typically found in an operon

all of the answers are correct

allolactose

snap-element

If CAP could not bind to its CAP site because of a binding site mutation, then what would be the result? assume lactose is present

transcription would be difficult to increase even in the absense of glucose

if a bacterium is placed in an enviornment that contains both glucose and lactose, the regulation of the lac operon will allow which nutrient to be processed preferntially?

glucose

Antisense RNA does which of the following ?

binds to the mRNA and prevents translocation

Trp attenuation refers to

Trp tRNA quickly binding to the 1st two Trp codons within the ribosome thus forming an inhibitory mRNA stem loop

in general, the regulation of protein function, not gene expression is called _____ regulation

post-translational

A tetrahybrid plant, exhibiting independent assortment at all 4 loci, is self-fertilized. What is the probability that an offspring will have the recessive phenotype at all 4 loci?

0.0039

If a gene is located on both the Y and X chromosomes, it is said to be_____

Pseudoautosomal

In plants, tube cells proliferate by the process of

mitosis

An individual with type A blood and an individual with type B blood mate and have offspring. What blood type is not possible in their offspring?

all blood types are possible

Crossing over is more likely to occur between loci that are ___ on any given chromosome

far apart

while mapping two genes Drosophilia you observe 46 recombinants among 460 total offspring, what is the genetic distance between these genes

10 map units

in a given mapping experiment, you expect that incidence of double crossovers will be 3.5%. However you observe 5%. This can be best explained by ______

enhancement

A couple would like to know what the probability is, that out of 5 children, the first three will be girls. This is solved using which of the following?

product rule

Phenylthiocarbamide tasting is dominant in human beings. A tasting couple, both with non-tasting father, ask that, if they have 5 children, what is the probability that any two will be tasters?

0.089

Twin spots are a result of

Meiotic recombination

To fulfill its role DNA must

all of the above ( replication, be transmissible, and contain information)

Which of the following is most assosiated with the formation of heterochromatin during metaphase

Condesin

A Barr body is an example of

Facultative heterochromatin

What types of amino acids contained within histone subunits are most likely to be responsible for the aiding the octomer in binding to the DNA

Positively charged amino acids

What is a mechanism of DNA condensation shared by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

loop domains

Nucleotide polymerases prefernetially link phosphodiester bonds of the DNA or RNA molecule by ____to____in a unidirectional fashion

5P , 3OH

The DNA double helix folds, bends, and interacts with ______resulting in 3D structure in the form of chromosomes

proteins

If a DNA molecule is found in which A=34% and T=23%, the molecule must be single stranded ( true or false)

True

RNA nucleotides tend to be more reactive than those of DNA because of the presence of a ___ group

2 OH

RNA can form double helixes (true or false)

true

If the genes are linked, the map distance between the bt and rgd genes is

28.0 amu

The calculated interference for double crossovers from the above question is ?

0.46