First Responder

(CH1) Who is often the first medically trained person to arrive to the scene of an emergency?

EMS

(CH1) What are skills performed by an EMR?

Controling airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC), controlling external bleeding, treating shock, treating wounds, splinting injuries to stabilize extremities

(CH1) is required to be a good EMR?

1. Be honest and conduct yourself with integrity

2. Be aware of patients' feelings nad have empathy for you patients.

3. Be motivated to get the job done nad to understand the limits of your training.

4. Be an advocate for you parents.

(CH1) Who is the overall leader of a medical care team?

Physician or medical director

(CH2) What are the five stages of death and dying?

Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance

(CH2) Define the stage of Denial?

Person experiencing denial cannot beleive what is happening.

(CH2) Define the stage of Anger?

Normal reaction to stress and will sometimes be directed at you.

(CH2) Define the stage of bargaining?

Acto f trying to make a deal to postpone death and dying.

(CH2) Define the stage of Depression?

Patient is usually silent or seems to retreat into his or her own world.

(CH2) Define the stage of acceptance?

Patient understands that death and dying cannot be changed.

(CH2) What are the warnings signs to help recognize stress?

Irritability ▪ Inability to concentrate ▪ Change in normal disposition ▪ Difficulty in sleeping or nightmares ▪ Anxiety ▪ Indecisiveness ▪ Guil, Loss of appetite or overeating ▪ Loss of interest in sexual relations ▪ Loss of interest in work ▪ Isolation ▪ Feelings of hopelessness ▪ Alcohol or drug misuse or abuse ▪ ‘Physical symptoms

(CH2) Whats the first thing you do when you arrive at a medical scene?

Put gloves on

(CH2) If you beleive that a scene invovled hazardous materials where should you park?

Park uphill and upwind

(CH3) What is the duty to act?

Legal responsibility to respond fast to an emergency medical scene and provide care.

(CH3) What is the standard of care?

The manner in which you must act or behave.

(CH3) What is expressed concsent?

When a patient verbally or non-verbally indicates a willingness to accept help or medical intervention

(CH3) What is implied consent?

Patient cannot refuse or accept care. For example, unconsious. Does not specifically refuse care or accept care.

(CH3) What is abandonment?

Trained person leaves patient before someone of the same or higher medical training takes over.

(CH3) What is negligence?

Occurs when a patient sustains further injury or harm becuase care administered did not meet the standard of care.

(CH3) What are three signs of death?

Dependent lividity, Rigor mortis, Decapitiation

(CH6) What is the body system responsible for normal breathing?

Respiratory system

(CH6) What is the role of the respiratory system?

Brings in oxygen and removes waste gas (carbon dioxide)

(CH6) Where is carbon dioxide and oxygen exhcnaged in the respiratory system?

In the alveoli

(CH6) What are three major pulse points?

Carotid, Femoral, Radial

(CH6) what is included in the circulatory system?

Heart, blood, vessels

(CH6) What is the main function of the circulatory system?

Pumping blood through the body

(CH6) What is the role of the skin?

Acts as an effective barrier to bacteria and viruses as long as it is not broken by injury

(CH9) What do you identify in the primary assessment?

Life Threats

(CH9) What is a sign?

A finding you can see or feel in a patient assessment

(CH10) What causes seizures?

Sudden uncontrolled electrical impulses in the brain

(CH10) how should you treat a patient with a seizure?

Wait for the seizure to stop, ensure the airway is open, place into recovery position

(CH10) What causes a heart attack?

When one or more coranary arteries are blocked

(CH10) What is congestive heart failure?

Occurs when fluid backs up in aveoli

(CH11) What are the routes of ingestion?

Ingestion, Inhalation, Injection, Absorption

(CH11) What is ingestion?

Poison enters through mouth and is absorbed by digestive system.

(CH11) What is inhalation?

Poison enters through mouth or nose and is absorbed by mucous membranes lining respiratory system.

(CH11) What is injection?

Poison enters through a small opening in skin and spreads through circulatory system.

(CH11) What is absorption?

Poison enters through intact skin and spreads through circulatory system

(CH11) What should you do if you encounter several patients from the same area that report symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning?

Remove everyone from the structure or vehicle

(CH11) It is important to remember this when administering an epi pen.

Do not put your finger on top of the epi pen

(CH11) When treating a snake bite it is important to ____.

Calm the patient to decrease the heart rate and slow the spread of poison.

(CH12) What is a behavioral emergency?

Siutations in which persons exhibit abnormal, unacceptable behavior that cannot be tolerated by patients themselves or by family friends or community

(CH12) What should you do if you suspect abuse?

Your responsibility is to maintain safety for yourself and for your patient

True or False: Check with family and friends about a patients past history of violence.

True

(CH12) What are signs and symptoms for PTSD?

Depression, guilt, sleep disturbances

(CH13) What are some medical emergencies that can occur when a person is exposed to excess heat?

Heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heatstroke

(CH13) What is proper treatment for an indiviudal with frostbite?

Remove jerwely on patients and cover impacted extremeity with dry clothign or dressings.

(CH13) When should you attempt a water rescue?

Keep yourself safe and attempt rescue only if you can do so safely (reach, throw, row, and go sequence). 

(CH13) How should you treat a cold water drowning stretcher patient?

Begin CPR as long as the patient does not exhibit definitive signs of death

(CH14) What are the three basic parts of the ciculatory system?

Heart, veins and arteries, blood

(CH14) What is shock?

Failure of the circuatory system

(CH14) How does an EMR treat shock?

Maintain patient’s ABCs. ▪ Treat cause of shock, if possible. ▪ Maintain patient’s body temperature

(CH14) What are the three types of bleeding?

Capillary, venous, arteriral

(CH14) True or False: When dressing a wound it is important to complely cover the wound and extend beyond all sides of the wound.

True

(CH14) When treating a puncture wound, it is important to remeber ____.

Do not remove the impaled object, support the object so it cannot move

(CH14) What is important to remeber when treating a gun shot wound?

Although the entry wound is small there can be serious internal damage

(CH14) List all categories of burns and describe them.

First Degree - Red and painful skin

Second Degree - Damage to the two top skin layers. Blister and pain.

Third Degree - Destroys all skin layers. May destroy nerve endings.

(CH14) It is important to remeber this when dealing with chemical burns where the chemicals dried on the skin.

Brush away any dry chemicals

(CH15) Where are smooth muscles found?

Digestive Tract

(CH15) List the signs and symptoms of an extemity injury.

▪ Pain at injury site. ▪ An open wound. ▪ Swelling and discoloration. ▪ Patient’s inability or unwillingness to move extremity. ▪ Deformity or angulation. ▪ Tenderness at injury site.

(CH15) What is the best indiator for underlying facture, dislocation, or sprain.

Tenderness

(CH15) What are the rules for splinlting?

1. Do not move patient before splinting, unless there is an immediate danger. ▪ Immobilize joint above and joint below injury site. ▪ Pad all rigid splints. ▪ Support injury site and minimize movement of limb until splinting is completed. ▪ Splint limb without moving it unnecessarily. ▪ When in doubt, splint

(CH15) Where is cerebrospinal fluid found?

Spine

(Ch15) What is important to rmeeber for open chest wounds?

Quickly seal the open chest wound with an occlusive dressing or chest seal.

(CH16) How do you suction a new borns airway?

Suction mouth first and then nostrils two to three times until they are clear.

Use bulb syringe

(CH16) What is crowning?

When the babies head is presenting from the birth canal.

(CH16) What is a breech birth?

Newborn buttocks comes down the birth canal first, rather than head

(CH16) What do you do if a mother has massive bleeding during childbirth?

Treat for Shock

(CH16) What do you do if the area between a mothers vagina and naus is torn and bleeding during child birth?

Treat it as you would an open wound. Do not pack with guaze.

(CH16) After a pregnant woman is invovled in a motor vehicle accident what should she do?

Evaluation by a physician