Intelligent Mobile Systems (TIGN13) Practice Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering Intelligent Mobile Systems topics including BLE, image processing, GNSS, computer vision, and cloud networking based on the exam transcript.

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Range

A technology that provides a maximum communication range of 100 meters.

Redundancy in Coding

Source coding decreases redundancy in transmitted data, while channel coding increases redundancy to improve reliability.

LC3

The codec used for audio coding in Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE).

Antenna Length

A common length for a wireless transmission antenna is $\lambda/4$, where $\lambda$ is the wavelength.

16-QAM

A transmission scheme that provides the highest data rate in ideal conditions compared to QPSK or BPSK.

Modulation

The process of adding information to a meaningless sine wave by changing its amplitude, frequency, or phase.

BLE Audio Data Rates

Bluetooth Low Energy audio can provide acceptable sound quality at a data rate of $100\,kbps$..

OSI Model Layers

A communication model consisting of 7 layers, including the Network layer, Data link layer, and Physical layer.

SIFT

An algorithm that allows for finding regions and their orientation in an image.

Red Channel Extraction

In OpenCV, the code to extract the red channel from an image variable 'img' is redChannel=img[:, :, 2].

Median Blur

An image processing technique used to limit noise, particularly in video frames.

Background Subtraction

The simplest way to compute the background of a video with a fixed camera is to compute the average image of all the images in the video.

Laplacian Operator

A mathematical operator used in computer vision to find the edges in an image.

OpenCV Pixel Format

The default internal color representation and format of pixels in the OpenCV library is BGR (Blue, Green, Red).

GaussianBlur

A function in Python and OpenCV that blurs the image and decreases noise.

Blue Channel Removal

The OpenCV code to set the blue channel of an image 'img' to the value 0 is img[:, :, 0]=0.

Canny

An edge detector used to find optimal edges in an image.

img.shape

The Python code used to print the width, height, and number of channels of an image variable.

YOLO

A library (You Only Look Once) used to easily detect objects in an image using Machine Learning.

Lab Colorspace

The best colorspace to use when calculating distances between colors in an image.

Dilution of Precision (DOP)

A quality value in GNSS where a high DOP value corresponds to a low accuracy of the reported position.

GNSS Positioning Minimum

The minimum number of satellites a GNSS receiver needs to calculate a position is 4.

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)

Global systems including BeiDou (China), GLONASS (Russia), QZSS (Japan), Galileo (European Union), GPS (USA), and IRNSS (India).

Feature Extraction Methods

Algorithms used in stereophotogrammetry to match features, including ORB, SIFT, and BRIEF.

Pinhole Camera Properties

A camera model characterized by a very large depth of field but very low light sensitivity.

Camera Calibration Artifacts

Typical outputs from calibrating a camera and lens, including distortion coefficients, principal point, and focal length.

Speed of Light

The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately $3 \times 10^{8}\,m/s$.

Time of Flight (ToF)

The principle used for distance calculation in lidar systems and the 3D-cameras in recent iPhone/iPad Pro models.

Triangulation

The sensor principle used by the Kinect sensor in X-box.

HTTP Status Code 500

The status code sent back from a service in the event of a failure on the server side.

AWS S3

The Amazon Web Service used to deliver and save static files.

AWS EC2

The Amazon Web Service used to handle virtual private servers.

AWS IAM

The Amazon Web Service used to handle users and authentication keys.

GET

The HTTP method utilized by a client to fetch data via an HTTP call.

HTTP Status Code 200

The status code sent back if a request is handled correctly with no failures.

DNS (Domain Name System)

A server type used to translate domain names into IP addresses.

Firewall

A network component that passes or blocks data packages based on source-IP and protocol.

Modem

A network component responsible for converting the signal from the internet to the type used internally on a network.

HTTP Body

The part of an HTTP POST request where the payload data is sent.