Cultural Diversity Unit 3

What is the least dangerous assumption?

the absence of conclusive data, educational decisions ought to be based on assumptions which, if incorrect, will have the least dangerous effect on the likelihood that students will be able to function independently as adults

What is presuming competence?

assuming the students is competent and able to learn

What is culturally responsive teaching?

using the cultural knowledge, prior experiences, and performance styles of diverse students to make learning more appropriate and effective for them

What is an ethnographic interview?

method of obtaining info about the client in a culturally responsive manner

What is culturally and linguistically diverse?

a broad term used to describe communities with diverse languages, ethnic backgrounds, nationalities, traditions, societal structures, and religions

What is bilingual approach?

treatment of common skills across both languages (shared phonemes and cluster reduction)

What is cross linguistic approach?

treatment of a specific error or language is targeted

What is differential teaching?

adjust instructions to fit the needs of all students

Describe the difference between sympathy and empathy

Sympathy is feeling bad for someone 

• A woman who had a miscarriage and a person saying well at least you can get pregnant.  

Empathy is putting yourself in someone else’s shoes and knowing how they are feeling 

• I understand what you are going through and I know that can be hard 

What are the four qualities of empathy?

• Perspective taking- to be able to see the world as others see it even if it goes against the grain of how you think 

• Nonjudgemental 

• Recognizing – understand a person’s feelings we need to be in touch with our own personal feelings 

• Sensitive communication – responding sensitively 

What are the areas to address for a safe learning environment?

Feel physically safe, emotionally safe, culturally safe – violate their culture to make them feel like their culture is wrong, and academically safe – not putting them out there, to where they will fail 

Why is the statement “I don’t see color” considered inappropriate?

it is not true. It means that you are not seeing the person and who they are. You are saying that you do not see their skin color, and that is a major part of who someone is.  

Reasons educators should have cultural competence?

they can properly educate their students and teach them in a way that honors their culture and makes them feel included in the lesson. Embracing the difference instead of setting them apart.

Factors that interfere with student success?

Biases of the educator, biases in assessment, home practice for literacy or in home communication (are people talking to them), language barriers   

LIST WAYS TO IMPROVE LEARNING FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH CULTURAL DIFFERENCES

learn their cultural rules, work on literacy rules (vocabulary building, phonemic awareness), use both dialectal form and standard English (repeat yourself with the dialectal form) 

PURPOSE OF CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE ASSESSMENT 

Identify a disorder versus a difference

What is dynamic assessment?

teach new skill through mediated learning using the three steps: pretest, mediated learning, post test

What is a pretest?

gain info on ability level of any communication skill

What is mediated learning?

through a play activity, teach the skill through short activity

What is post test?

determine the level of proficiency on the skill

DESCRIBE ETHNOGRAPHIC INTERVIEW 

Gaining information that gives you what you need to understand the client’s communication abilities. Relevant information with a question that can be expanded on (describe what...) 

MODIFICATIONS/ACCOMMODATIONS MADE TO STANDARDIZED NORM-REFERENCED TEST FOR CULTURAL DIFFERENCES 

Rule is if you make changes those changes have to be documented  

If you note a test item is bias to their culture or linguistic culture you can make adjustments  

• Use their cultural verbiage 

• Stating the prompt the way it is on the test and then with their dialectal verbiage  

• Changing the size of the test for individuals with vision problems 

• Give test in multiple time periods for people who can not attend for long periods 

PURPOSE OF CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE INTERVENTIONS 

The client will learn through connections through the clinician. We are in this together moto 

• Understand the person and the person will understand that you are in this together, so you will get better responses from the client 

LIST CONSIDERATIONS FOR WORKING WITH A CLIENT WHO IS BILINGUAL 

Use appropriate materials 

• Not shoving English down their throats 

Use neutral materials 

• Do not assume their culture or the cultural experiences 

Consider and respect the person’s level of acceptance 

Understand linguistic rules 

Use interpreter when needed 

DESCRIBE AND GIVE EXAMPLES FOR EMPOWERING CLIENTS TO SHARE THEIR THOUGHTS 

Providing relevance of content  

• Why you are doing it 

Encourage them to participate and give their own ideas 

• Pointing out people and asking how they would do it  

What is gamify lessons?

offer rewards for completing tasks and achieving certain scores, setting a clear learning goal and chart progress to motivate client, embed skills in contemporary game for practice (go fish)

How to integrate relevant content?

include client’s name, link client’s interests, and reference diverse cultures

What is differential teaching?

tailoring instruction to meet individual needs

What is content in differential teaching?

the media and methods teachers use to impart instruction skills, ideas, and information (lecture, watching video, games)

What is product in differential teaching?

The materials, such as tests and projects, students complete to demonstrate understanding

What is process in differential teaching?

the exercises and practice students engage in to better understand content (repetitions, use of fidgets, study with music/food, journaling)

LIST WAYS THAT MAY FOSTER A SENSE OF BELONGING DURING THERAPY 

call on each client, assign a buddy for new students, sharing cultures

What are the hallmarks of authentic communication?

curiosity, kindness, care, concern, empathy, compassion, presence, shared values, pride, sincerity, inclusion, warmth, listening, respect, understanding

HOW TO DOCUMENT MODIFICATIONS/ACCOMMODATIONS MADE IN ADMINISTRATION OF STANDARDIZED NORM-REFERENCED TESTS 

full disclosure, provide reason for change, include tests results with change and without change, report findings from other types of assessment to compare results and support findings

How to empower students to share thoughts?

establish inclusion, develop positive attitudes, encourage them to give own ideas during intervention, allow client to choose between activities

What is diverse work and study practices?

make assessment less intimidating by offering a different way to demonstrate skills and understanding

Understanding student learning needs and styles

enhance meaning and encourage students to give their opinions and existing knowledge on topic

Using culturally significant instruction styles

use client jargon for clarification or improve communication in general