EAB 4798 SAFMEDS

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts from the EAB 4798 lecture notes, focusing on behavior analysis and research methods.

Basic Research

Research to discover fundamental principles of behavior.

Applied Research

Research to solve significant social problems.

Operant

Behavior shaped and maintained by its consequences.

Antecedent

Event that occurs immediately before behavior.

Consequence

Event that follows behavior and affects future responding.

Behavior Analysis

Science of behavior based on principles of learning.

Applied Behavior Analysis

Application of behavior principles to improve socially significant behavior.

Independent Variable

Variable manipulated by the researcher.

Dependent Variable

Behavior measured to assess effects of the IV.

Extraneous Variable

Uncontrolled variable that may influence the DV.

Determinism

Assumption that behavior is lawful and orderly.

Lawfulness of Behavior

Behavior occurs as a function of environmental events.

Private/Covert Behavior

Behavior observable only to the individual.

Public/Overt Behavior

Behavior observable by others.

Behavior

Observable and measurable interaction of organism and environment.

Critical Attributes of Behavior

Observable, measurable, involves movement through space and time.

Environment

All stimuli and conditions affecting behavior.

Environmental Context

Specific physical, social, and temporal conditions surrounding behavior.

Behavior Topography

The form or shape of a behavior.

Components of a Research Question

Participant, behavior, setting, and intervention.

Participant

Individual whose behavior is measured in a study.

Setting

Physical and social environment where behavior occurs.

Unit of Analysis

The specific behavior or response measured.

Response Classes

Groups of responses that serve the same function.

Functional Definition

Defines behavior by its effect on the environment.

Topography

The physical form or shape of a behavior.

Functional Response Class

Responses producing the same consequence.

Topographical Response Class

Responses sharing similar form.

Response Cycle

Beginning, middle, and end of a response.

Target Behavior

Behavior selected for measurement or change.

Operational Definition

Clear, observable, measurable description of behavior.

Response Product / Permanent Product

Lasting outcome of behavior used for measurement.

Collective Behaviors

Behaviors of groups measured as a whole.

Specificity of Target Behavior

Degree to which a definition is precise and unambiguous.

Sensitivity of Target Behavior

Degree to which behavior changes with the IV.

Fundamental Property

Basic measurable dimension of behavior.

Unit of Measurement

The scale used to quantify behavior.

Temporal Locus

When behavior occurs in time.

Temporal Extent

How long a behavior lasts.

Repeatability

Behavior can be counted because it recurs.

Duration

Total time a behavior occurs.

Latency

Time from antecedent to behavior onset.

Count / Countability

Number of times a behavior occurs.

Inter-response Time (IRT)

Time between two consecutive responses.

Celeration

Change in rate of behavior over time.

Rate

Count per unit of time.

Continuous Measurement

Records every instance of behavior.

Duration per Occurrence

Duration measured for each response.

Duration per Session

Total duration of behavior across a session.

Dimensionless Ratios

Proportions of behavior (e.g., percent).

Direct Measurement

Behavior measured as it occurs.

Indirect Measurement

Measurement based on report or artifact.

Automated Recording

Measurement using mechanical or electronic devices.

Cumulative Recorder

Device that graphs cumulative responses over time.

Derivative Measures

Measures based on combinations of primary dimensions.

Percent Occurrence

Ratio of occurrences to opportunities × 100.

Trials to Criterion

Number of trials needed to reach a performance level.

Discontinuous Measurement

Samples behavior; not all instances recorded.

Momentary Time Sampling

Record if behavior occurs at the moment the interval ends.

Partial Interval Recording

Record if behavior occurs at any time during the interval.

Whole Interval Recording

Record if behavior occurs for the entire interval.

PLACHECK

Group measure: proportion of individuals engaged at interval end.

Standardized Instruments

Tools with uniform administration and scoring procedures.

Norm-Referenced Assessments

Compare performance to a normative sample.

Criterion-Referenced Assessments

Compare performance to a fixed standard.

Behavior Analytic Assessments

Assess variables controlling behavior using behavioral principles.

Psychometrics

Field studying measurement reliability and validity.

Validity

Degree to which a measure assesses what it claims to measure.

Construct Validity

Measure reflects the theoretical construct.

Content Validity

Measure covers all relevant aspects of the construct.

Predictive / Criterion-Related Validity

Measure predicts future performance.

Concurrent Validity

Measure correlates with another established measure.

Reliability

Consistency and stability of measurement.

Alternate-Form Reliability

Consistency across different versions of a test.

Test-Retest Reliability

Consistency of scores across time.

Inter-Tester Reliability

Consistency across different testers.

ABC Recording

Narrative recording of antecedent, behavior, consequence.

Scatterplot

Visual display of behavior occurrence across time periods.

Preference Assessments

Procedures to identify stimuli likely to function as reinforcers.

Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA)

Process to identify the function of problem behavior.

Functional Analysis (FA)

Systematic manipulation of antecedents and consequences to determine function.

Observed Values

Data recorded by the observer.

True Values

The actual, correct measure of behavior.

Accuracy

Degree to which observed values match true values.

Precision

Consistency of repeated measurements.

Calibration

Adjusting measurement systems to match true values.

Interobserver Agreement (IOA)

Degree to which two observers’ data match.

Total Agreement IOA

Overall agreement across all recorded responses.

Exact Agreement IOA

Agreement on each interval’s exact count.

Interval Agreement

Agreement on whether behavior occurred in each interval.

Occurrence/Nonoccurrence Agreement

Agreement on intervals scored as occurrence or nonoccurrence.

Total Count IOA

Compare total counts between observers.

Mean Count-per-Interval IOA

Average agreement across intervals on count values.

Exact Count-per-Interval IOA

Interval-by-interval exact match of counts.

Trial-by-Trial IOA

Agreement on each trial’s occurrence or nonoccurrence.

Total Duration IOA

Compare total duration values between observers.

Mean Duration-per-Occurrence IOA

Average agreement on duration of each occurrence.

Interval-by-Interval IOA

Agreement on each interval regardless of occurrence.

Scored Interval IOA

Agreement based only on intervals scored as occurrence.

Unscored Interval IOA

Agreement based only on intervals scored as nonoccurrence.