ch. 8 - Appendicular Skeleton; Pectoral Girdle

how many bones is there in the appendicular skeleton ?

126 bones

what connects the limbs to the bones along the axis of the body ?

girdle

what attaches the upper limbs to the trunk?

pectoral girdle (chest)

what attaches the lower limbs to the trunk ?

pelvic girdle

what does the pectoral girdle consist of?

the clavicle anteriorly and the scapula posteriorly

what does the sternal end of the clavicle articulate to?

manubrium and first rib

what does the acromial end of each clavicle articulate with?

the scapula

the mobility of the upper limbs results from…

only the clavicle attaching to the axial skeleton. the Scapula can move freely

whats the function of the conoid tubercle of the clavicle?

its located near the acromial end and it provides attachment for a ligament that runs to the scapula’s coracoid process

where are the scapulae located?

between ribs 2-7

the grouped upper limb bones

1. arm / brachium

2. forearm

3. hand

the grouped hand bones

1. carpals

2. metacarpals

3. phalanges

sternal end of clavicle. articulates with manubrium and first rib

acromial end of clavicle. articulates with the scapula

conoid tubercle. near the acromial end. provides attachment for a ligament that runs to the scapulas coracoid process

glenoid cavity. articulates with humerus forming shoulder joint

spine

acromion process. articulates with the acromial end of the clavicle

coracoid process.

supraspinous fossa

infraspinous fossa

subscapular fossa

medial border

lateral border

superior border

head of humerus. articulates with glenoid cavity

greater tubercle. attachment sites for muscles

lesser tubercle. attachment sites for muscles

intertubercular groove

deltoid tuberosity. attachment site for deltoid muscle

capitulum. articulates with radius

trochlea. articulates with ulna

lateral epicondyle. attachment site for muscles of the forearm

medial epicondyle. attachment site for muscles of the forearm

coronoid fossa. receive the similarly named projections of the forearm bones during movement

olecranon fossa. receives the olecranon process from the ulna

radial fossa.

whats the yellow?

the radius head

whats the blue?

the radius neck

whats the red

radial tuberosity. site of attachment of the bicep muscles

whats the red

ulnar notch

whats the yellow

trochlear notch

whats the green

olecranon process

whats the red?

coronoid process

whats the blue?

radial notch

styloid process of ulna

scaphoid carpal

lunate carpal

triquetrum carpal

pisiform carpal

trapezium carpal

trapezoid carpal

capitate carpal

hamate carpal

whats the peach?

trapezium

whats the black

trapezoid

whats the dark green?

capitate

whats the pink

hamate

whats the orange ?

scaphoid

whats the blue?

lunate

whats the green?

triquetrum

whats the yellow?

pisiform

count the metacarpals from right to left.

i, ii, iii, iv, v

whats b ?

proximal phalanx V

sternocleidomastoid muscle rotates head to opposite shoulder. Origin is sternum and clavicle. insertion is mastoid process

infraspinatus muscle external/lateral rotation. origin is infraspinous fossa. insertion is greater tubercle of humerus

supraspinatus muscle abducts arm. origin is supraspinous fossa. insertion is greater tubercle of humerous

subscapularis muscle medially (internal) rotates arm. origin is subscapular fossa. insertion is lesser tubercle of humerus.

teres minor laterally rotates and adducts arm. origin is infraspinous fossa. insertion is greater tubercle

deltoid muscle abducts, flexes, extends and rotates arm. origin is clavicle, acromion, and scapula. insertion is deltoid tuberosity

whats the green?

anatomical neck of humerus

whats the purple?

surgical neck of humerus