APUSH Period 3 1754 - 1800

1754 - 1763

• French and Indian War

• French + Natives vs. British + American Colonies

• Competition for Ohio River Valley

• British had lots of debt after the war

  • ended salutary neglect

  • taxed colonists

1763

• Pontiacs Rebellion

• So no settlements west of Appalachian Mountains to prevent disagreements with the Natives

British Rule

• Stamp Act (1765)

  • Parliament passed the first direct, internal tax on the American colonies to pay for British troops stationed there after the French and Indian War.

• Boston Massacre (1770)

  • British soldiers fired on a mob of colonists, killing five, following ongoing tensions over the Townshend Duties.

• Boston Tea Party (1773)

  • protesters (some disguised as Native Americans) boarded East India Company ships in Boston Harbor to protest the Tea Act tax.Action: They dumped 342 crates of tea, totaling over 46 tons, into the water.

• Intolerable Acts (1774)

  • these were four (or five) strict laws passed to punish Massachusetts and restore order after the Tea Party.

• First Continental Congress (Sept-Oct 1774)

  • Purpose: Convened in Philadelphia in response to the Coercive Acts to coordinate a united response to British policies. Established the Continental Association to initiate a boycott of British goods.Sent a petition to King George III for redress of grievances, which was ignored, leading to continued tension.

• Battles of Lexington and Concord (April 19, 1775)

  • first military engagement of the Revolutionary War

• Second Continental Congress (Convened May 10, 1775)

  • shortly after the fighting began, with delegates realizing that reconciliation was unlikely. Formed the Continental Army and appointed George Washington as Commander-in-Chief. Issued the "Olive Branch Petition" as a last-ditch attempt at peace (rejected by the King)

• Thomas Paine’s Common Sense (1776)

  • independence is best

• Declaration of Independence (1776)

  • inspired by englightment ideals

American Revolution 1775-1783

• George Washington’s leadership

• Guerilla Warfare

• Alliance with France

1781 - 1789

• Articles of Confederation

  • weak national government

  • no power to tax

  • only legislative branch

  • failure to put down Shay’s Rebellion

    • uprising of American farmers

Constitutional Convention 1787

• Delegates proposed compromises

• Great Compromise

  • Bi-cameral legislative branch

  • 3/5 compromise counted slaves as 3/5 of a person

  • Federalists wanted a strong national government

• Constitution ratified in 1789

  • Bill of Rights added to protect liberties

George Washington 1789 - 1797

• Set two term tradition

• Created a presidential cabinet

• Used executive power to end whiskey rebellion

  • civilian protest against taxation

• Farewell adress

  • avoid political parties

  • stay out of global affairs

Birth of Political Parties

• Federalists

  • Led by Hamilton

  • loose interpretation of the constitution

  • Economy based on trade and manufacturing

  • supported national bank

• Democratic Republicans

  • Led by Thomas Jefferson

  • economy based on agriculture

  • opposed national bank

  • strict interpretation of the constitution

Revolution Abroad

• French Revolution

• Haitian Revolution

John Adams 1797 - 1801

• Federalist

• Quasi war with France

• Alien Friends Act

  • Allowed the President to deport any non-citizen suspected of being dangerous to the nation's safety

• Alien Enemies Act

  • Allowed for the detainment or deportation of male citizens from a country at war with the United States.

• Sedition Act:

  • Made it a federal crime to publish or utter "false, scandalous, and malicious" writing against the U.S. government, Congress, or the President.

• Naturalization Act:

  • Increased the residency requirement for U.S. citizenship from 5 years to 14 years.