foods

Why do we need food? (3)

Food provides energy for activities, promotes growth and tissue repair, and regulates vital processes.

What are the six nutrients?

Macronutrients: carbohydrates, fats, proteins; Micronutrients: vitamins, minerals; Water.

What is the body's main source of energy?

Carbohydrates are the main source of energy that can be broken down into glucose.

What are simple carbohydrates?

Foods with sugar that are digested quickly, increase cravings, and are stored as fat if not used.

What are the sources of complex carbohydrates?

Sources include fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grain products.

What is the function of soluble fiber?

Soluble fiber dissolves in water, increases stomach content thickness, slows down digestion, and may reduce cholesterol.

Who should consume 26g of fiber daily?

Female teens should consume 26g of fiber a day.

What are proteins made of?

Proteins are made of chains of amino acids, with a total of 20 amino acids.

What are complete proteins?

Complete proteins, found in animal products and soy, supply all 9 essential amino acids.

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Saturated fats raise LDL cholesterol and are considered bad, while unsaturated fats lower cholesterol and are considered good.

What is bile and its function?

Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder; it helps digest and absorb fat.

What is peristalsis?

Peristalsis is the contraction and relaxation of the esophagus that moves food down the throat.

What is chyme?

Chyme is a thick liquid formed from food that has been chemically and physically broken down.

What are Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)?

DRIs are nutrient reference values used for assessing and planning diets for healthy populations.

What does RDA stand for?

RDA stands for Recommended Daily Allowance, which is the average daily intake sufficient for nearly all healthy individuals.

When is higher folate intake needed?

Pregnant females require more folate than non-pregnant females to generate new cells and prevent birth defects.