table 24.1 summary of digestive activities in mouth

cheeks and lips

keep food btwn teeth

cheeks and lips result

foods uniformly chewed during mastication

salivary glands

secrete saliva

salivary glands result

lining of mouth and pharynx moistened and lubricated

saliva softens moistens and dissolves food and cleanses mouth and teeth

salivary amylase splits starch into smaller fragments maltose, maltotriose and alpha-dextrins

parts of tongue

extrinsic tongue muscles

intrinsic tongue muscles

taste buds

lingual glands

extrinsic tongue muscles

move tongue from side to side and in and out

extrinsic tongue muscles result

food maneuvered for mastication, shaped into bolus, and maneuvered for swallowing

intrinsic tongue muscles

alter shape of tongue

intrinsic tongue muscles result

swallowing and speech

taste buds

serve as receptors for gustation and presence of food in mouth

taste buds result

secretion of saliva stimulated by nerve impulses from taste buds to salivatory nuclei in brain stem to salivary glands

lingual glands

secrete lingual lipase

lingual glands result

triglycerides broken down into fatty acids and diglycerides

teeth

cut tear and pulverize food

teeth result

solid foods reduced to smaller particles for swallowing